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In this paper, we propose a maximum mutual information (MMI) framework for multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) to enable multiple agents to learn coordinated behaviors by regularizing the accumulated return with the mutual information…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2020-06-05 Woojun Kim , Whiyoung Jung , Myungsik Cho , Youngchul Sung

Multi-agent reinforcement learning for incomplete information environments has attracted extensive attention from researchers. However, due to the slow sample collection and poor sample exploration, there are still some problems in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-05-12 Shuhan Qi , Shuhao Zhang , Xiaohan Hou , Jiajia Zhang , Xuan Wang , Jing Xiao

In this paper, we study the cooperative Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) problems using Reward Machines (RMs) to specify the reward functions such that the prior knowledge of high-level events in a task can be leveraged to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Xuejing Zheng , Chao Yu

LLM-based Multi-Agent Systems have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in addressing complex, agentic tasks, from generating high-quality presentation slides to even conducting sophisticated scientific research. Meanwhile, RL has been…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Junwei Liao , Muning Wen , Jun Wang , Weinan Zhang

Cooperative multi-agent systems can be naturally used to model many real world problems, such as network packet routing and the coordination of autonomous vehicles. There is a great need for new reinforcement learning methods that can…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Jakob Foerster , Gregory Farquhar , Triantafyllos Afouras , Nantas Nardelli , Shimon Whiteson

Cooperative multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) is widely used to address large joint observation and action spaces by decomposing a centralized control problem into multiple interacting agents. However, such decomposition often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Zijian Zhao , Jing Gao , Sen Li

Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) has exploded in popularity in recent years. Many approaches have been developed but they can be divided into three main types: centralized training and execution (CTE), centralized training for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-22 Christopher Amato

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly being deployed in agentic settings where they act as collaborators with humans. Therefore, it is increasingly important to be able to evaluate their abilities to collaborate effectively in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Abhijnan Nath , Nikhil Krishnaswamy

Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) comprises an area of growing interest in the field of machine learning. Despite notable advances, there are still problems that require investigation. The lazy agent pathology is a famous problem in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Rafael Pina , Varuna De Silva , Corentin Artaud

This paper proposes a novel multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) method to learn multiple coordinated agents under directed acyclic graph (DAG) constraints. Unlike existing MARL approaches, our method explicitly exploits the DAG…

The exploitation of extra state information has been an active research area in multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL). QMIX represents the joint action-value using a non-negative function approximator and achieves the best performance,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-12-21 Jianyu Su , Stephen Adams , Peter A. Beling

One of the preeminent obstacles to scaling multi-agent reinforcement learning to large numbers of agents is assigning credit to individual agents' actions. In this paper, we address this credit assignment problem with an approach that we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-24 Benjamin Freed , Aditya Kapoor , Ian Abraham , Jeff Schneider , Howie Choset

Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) requires coordination to efficiently solve certain tasks. Fully centralized control is often infeasible in such domains due to the size of joint action spaces. Coordination graph based formalization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-05 Sheng Li , Jayesh K. Gupta , Peter Morales , Ross Allen , Mykel J. Kochenderfer

Decentralized Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) methods allow for learning scalable multi-agent policies, but suffer from partial observability and induced non-stationarity. These challenges can be addressed by introducing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Tommaso Marzi , Cesare Alippi , Andrea Cini

Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) has been shown effective for cooperative games in recent years. However, existing state-of-the-art methods face challenges related to sample complexity, training instability, and the risk of…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-03-14 Jiarong Liu , Yifan Zhong , Siyi Hu , Haobo Fu , Qiang Fu , Xiaojun Chang , Yaodong Yang

Decentralized multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) algorithms have become popular in the literature since it allows heterogeneous agents to have their own reward functions as opposed to canonical multi-agent Markov Decision Process…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-19 Soumajyoti Sarkar

Current approaches to multi-agent cooperation rely heavily on centralized mechanisms or explicit communication protocols to ensure convergence. This paper studies the problem of distributed multi-agent learning without resorting to…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Caroline Wang , Ishan Durugkar , Elad Liebman , Peter Stone

Despite definite success in deep reinforcement learning problems, actor-critic algorithms are still confronted with sample inefficiency in complex environments, particularly in tasks where efficient exploration is a bottleneck. These…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-09 Yannis Flet-Berliac , Johan Ferret , Olivier Pietquin , Philippe Preux , Matthieu Geist

In this paper, we introduce an alternative approach to enhancing Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) through the integration of domain knowledge and attention-based policy mechanisms. Our methodology focuses on the incorporation of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Andre R Kuroswiski , Annie S Wu , Angelo Passaro

In cooperative stochastic games multiple agents work towards learning joint optimal actions in an unknown environment to achieve a common goal. In many real-world applications, however, constraints are often imposed on the actions that can…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2020-07-14 Raghuram Bharadwaj Diddigi , Sai Koti Reddy Danda , Prabuchandran K. J. , Shalabh Bhatnagar