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Denoising diffusions are a powerful method to generate approximate samples from high-dimensional data distributions. Recent results provide polynomial bounds on their convergence rate, assuming $L^2$-accurate scores. Until now, the tightest…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-03-07 Joe Benton , Valentin De Bortoli , Arnaud Doucet , George Deligiannidis

Score-based diffusion models have demonstrated remarkable empirical success in learning high-dimensional distributions, particularly those exhibiting low-dimensional and multi-modal structures. However, theoretical understanding of their…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-29 Jingda Wu , Changxiao Cai

Diffusion models (DMs) have recently gained attention with state-of-the-art performance in text-to-image synthesis. Abiding by the tradition in deep learning, DMs are trained and evaluated on the images with fixed sizes. However, users are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Zhiyu Jin , Xuli Shen , Bin Li , Xiangyang Xue

Discrete diffusion models have recently gained significant prominence in applications involving natural language and graph data. A key factor influencing their effectiveness is the efficiency of discretized samplers. Among these,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Yuchen Liang , Yingbin Liang , Lifeng Lai , Ness Shroff

Learning probabilistic models that can estimate the density of a given set of samples, and generate samples from that density, is one of the fundamental challenges in unsupervised machine learning. We introduce a new generative model based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-11 Siavash A. Bigdeli , Geng Lin , Tiziano Portenier , L. Andrea Dunbar , Matthias Zwicker

Diffusion-based generative models learn to iteratively transfer unstructured noise to a complex target distribution as opposed to Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) or the decoder of Variational Autoencoders (VAEs) which produce samples…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-26 Sarthak Mittal , Guillaume Lajoie , Stefan Bauer , Arash Mehrjou

We analyze, theoretically and empirically, the performance of generative diffusion models based on \emph{blind denoisers}, in which the denoiser is not given the noise amplitude in either the training or sampling processes. Assuming that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Zahra Kadkhodaie , Aram-Alexandre Pooladian , Sinho Chewi , Eero Simoncelli

In this study we develop dimension-reduction techniques to accelerate diffusion model inference in the context of synthetic data generation. The idea is to integrate compressed sensing into diffusion models (hence, CSDM): First, compress…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-09-30 Zhengyi Guo , Jiatu Li , Wenpin Tang , David D. Yao

Learning to sample from intractable distributions over discrete sets without relying on corresponding training data is a central problem in a wide range of fields, including Combinatorial Optimization. Currently, popular deep learning-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Sebastian Sanokowski , Sepp Hochreiter , Sebastian Lehner

Diffusion models have quickly become some of the most popular and powerful generative models for high-dimensional data. The key insight that enabled their development was the realization that access to the score -- the gradient of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Zhenghan Fang , Mateo Díaz , Sam Buchanan , Jeremias Sulam

Consistency models have recently emerged as a compelling alternative to traditional SDE-based diffusion models. They offer a significant acceleration in generation by producing high-quality samples in very few steps. Despite their empirical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Nishant Jain , Xunpeng Huang , Yian Ma , Tong Zhang

In recent years, Rectified flow (RF) has gained considerable popularity largely due to its generation efficiency and state-of-the-art performance. In this paper, we investigate the degree to which RF automatically adapts to the intrinsic…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-24 Saptarshi Roy , Alessandro Rinaldo , Purnamrita Sarkar

Diffusion models are distinguished by their exceptional generative performance, particularly in producing high-quality samples through iterative denoising. While current theory suggests that the number of denoising steps required for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Gen Li , Changxiao Cai , Yuting Wei

Practical diffusion sampling is a numerical approximation problem: under a fixed inference budget, one must simulate a reverse-time ODE or SDE using only a limited number of denoising steps, so discretization error is often the dominant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Samuel Hurault , Thomas Moreau , Gabriel Peyré

Score-matching generative models have proven successful at sampling from complex high-dimensional data distributions. In many applications, this distribution is believed to concentrate on a much lower $d$-dimensional manifold embedded into…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-04-25 Peter Potaptchik , Iskander Azangulov , George Deligiannidis

We present a concise, self-contained derivation of diffusion-based generative models. Starting from basic properties of Gaussian distributions (densities, quadratic expectations, re-parameterisation, products, and KL divergences), we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Sepehr Maleki , Negar Pourmoazemi

We study sparse linear regression over a network of agents, modeled as an undirected graph and no server node. The estimation of the $s$-sparse parameter is formulated as a constrained LASSO problem wherein each agent owns a subset of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Marie Maros , Gesualdo Scutari , Ying Sun , Guang Cheng

This paper investigates score-based diffusion models when the underlying target distribution is concentrated on or near low-dimensional manifolds within the higher-dimensional space in which they formally reside, a common characteristic of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Gen Li , Yuling Yan

Discrete diffusion models have gained increasing attention for their ability to model complex distributions with tractable sampling and inference. However, the error analysis for discrete diffusion models remains less well-understood. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Yinuo Ren , Haoxuan Chen , Grant M. Rotskoff , Lexing Ying

Diffusion Probabilistic Models (DPMs) are generative models showing competitive performance in various domains, including image synthesis and 3D point cloud generation. Sampling from pre-trained DPMs involves multiple neural function…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Vinh Tong , Hoang Trung-Dung , Anji Liu , Guy Van den Broeck , Mathias Niepert