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There are strong suggestions that the disk-like accretion flow onto massive black hole in AGN is disrupted in its innermost part (10-100 Rg), possibly due to the radiation pressure instability. It may form a hot optically thin quasi…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 B. Czerny , A. Abrassart , S. Collin-Souffrin , A. -M. Dumont

Unveiling the structure of the Broad Line Region (BLR) of AGN is critical to understand the quasar phenomenon. Detail study of the geometry and kinematic of these objects can answer the basic questions about the central BH mass, accretion…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2014-10-14 Suvendu Rakshit , Romain G. Petrov

High cadence, high quality observations of active galactic nuclei (AGN) clearly show continuum variations with lags, relative to the shortest observed variable UV continuum, that increase with wavelength ("lag spectra"). These have been…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-11-17 Hagai Netzer

As a class, LINERs and Low-Luminosity AGN tend to show little or no significant short-term variability (i.e., with time-scales less than a day). This is a marked break for the trend of increased variability in Seyfert 1 galaxies with…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-30 A. Ptak , T. Yaqoob , R. Mushotzky , P. Serlemitsos , R. Griffiths

We are conducting an archival Swift program to measure multiwavelength variability in active galactic nuclei (AGN). This variability information will provide constraints on the geometry, physical conditions and processes of the structures…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-21 Jonathan Gelbord , Caryl Gronwall , Dirk Grupe , Dan Vanden Berk , Jian Wu

Changing-look active galactic nuclei (CL AGNs) show large changes in luminosity and optical spectral state on time-scales of a few years, and provide a valuable probe of time-dependent accretion in the disc-BLR-torus system. We present a…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-03-19 Yu Tao , Jie Tang , Xuan Wei

Context. A defining characteristic of active galactic nuclei (AGN) that distinguishes them from other astronomical sources is their stochastic variability, which is observable across the entire electromagnetic spectrum. Upcoming optical…

Variability in active galactic nuclei (AGN) probes the physics of accretion onto supermassive black holes. This variability is characterized using metrics derived from the flux distributions of temporally separated epochs. We studied the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-05-04 Diego Martínez Collipal , Swayamtrupta Panda

We present a framework to link and describe AGN variability on a wide range of timescales, from days to billions of years. In particular, we concentrate on the AGN variability features related to changes in black hole fuelling and accretion…

We have developed two metrics related to AGN variability observables (time-lags, periodicity, and Structure Function (SF)) to evaluate LSST OpSim FBS 1.5, 1.6, 1.7 performance in AGN time-domain analysis. For this purpose, we generate an…

Intensive broadband reverberation mapping campaigns have shown that AGN variability is significantly more complex than expected from disc reverberation of the variable X-ray illumination. The UV/optical variability is highly correlated and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-05-02 Scott Hagen , Chris Done , Rick Edelson

Variability of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) has long been servicing as an essential avenue of exploring the accretion physics of black hole (BH). There are two commonly used methods for analyzing AGN variability. First, the AGN…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-07-04 Zhen-Bo Su , Zhen-Yi Cai , Mouyuan Sun , Hengxiao Guo , Wei-Min Gu , Jun-Xian Wang

Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) sources feature supermassive black holes that launch relativistic plasma jets. They are key $\gamma$-ray sources providing a unique laboratory for studying extreme particle acceleration and plasma physics.…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-02-03 Luana Passos-Reis , Elisabete M. de Gouveia Dal Pino , Tarek Hassan , Santiago Pita , Alberto Domínguez

The Lick AGN Monitoring Project targeted 13 nearby Seyfert 1 galaxies with the intent of measuring the masses of their central black holes using reverberation mapping. The sample includes 12 galaxies selected to have black holes with masses…

The 4 Ms Chandra Deep Field-South (CDF-S) and other deep X-ray surveys have been highly effective at selecting active galactic nuclei (AGN). However, cosmologically distant low-luminosity AGN (LLAGN) have remained a challenge to identify…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-03 M. Young , W. N. Brandt , Y. Q. Xue , M. Paolillo , D. M. Alexander , F. E. Bauer , B. D. Lehmer , B. Luo , O. Shemmer , D. P. Schneider , C. Vignali

Inconsistent conclusions are obtained from recent active galactic nuclei (AGNs) accretion disk inter-band time-lag measurements. While some works show that the measured time lags are significantly larger (by a factor of $\sim 3$) than the…

It is generally thought that AGN optical variability is produced, at least in part, by reprocessing of central X-rays by a surrounding accretion disc, resulting in wavelength-dependent lags between bands. Any good model of AGN optical…

Interband lags in the optical continua of active galactic nuclei (AGN) have been observed over years of monitoring, yet their physical origins remain unclear. While variable interband lags have been found in a few individual AGN…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-07-08 Zhen-Bo Su , Zhen-Yi Cai , Hengxiao Guo , Mouyuan Sun , Jun-Xian Wang

General relativistic magnetohydrodynamic (GRMHD) simulations of accretion disks and jets associated with supermassive black holes show variability on a wide range of timescales. On timescales comparable to or longer than the gravitational…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-10-04 Freek Roelofs , Michael D. Johnson , Hotaka Shiokawa , Sheperd S. Doeleman , Heino Falcke

Stars exhibit a bewildering variety of rapidly variable behaviors ranging from explosive magnetic flares to stochastically changing accretion to periodic pulsations or rotation. The principal Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-08-02 Eric D. Feigelson , Federica B. Bianco , Rosaria Bonito