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Related papers: TabClustPFN: A Prior-Fitted Network for Tabular Da…

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Bayesian clustering accounts for uncertainty but is computationally demanding at scale. Furthermore, real-world datasets often contain missing values, and simple imputation ignores the associated uncertainty, resulting in suboptimal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Prajit Bhaskaran , Tom Viering

Traditional methods for tabular classification usually rely on supervised learning from scratch, which requires extensive training data to determine model parameters. However, a novel approach called Prior-Data Fitted Networks (TabPFN) has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Quangao Liu , Wei Yang , Chen Liang , Longlong Pang , Zhuozhang Zou

Prior-Fitted Networks (PFNs) have recently been proposed to efficiently perform tabular classification tasks. Although they achieve good performance on small datasets, they encounter limitations with larger datasets. These limitations…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Yuxin Wang , Botian Jiang , Yiran Guo , Quan Gan , David Wipf , Xuanjing Huang , Xipeng Qiu

Prior-Data Fitted networks (PFNs) have been very successful in tabular contexts, handling prediction tasks in context. However, they are designed for single-task inference, meaning that predicting several target values within a context…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Cormac Cureton , Narges Armanfard

Clustering is a core task in machine learning with wide-ranging applications in data mining and pattern recognition. However, its unsupervised nature makes it inherently challenging. Many existing clustering algorithms suffer from critical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Ahmed Shokry , Ayman Khalafallah

Tabular datasets are inherently heterogeneous, presenting significant challenges for developing pre-trained foundation models. The recently introduced transformer-based Tabular Prior-data Fitted Network v2 (TabPFN v2) achieves unprecedented…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Han-Jia Ye , Si-Yang Liu , Wei-Lun Chao

Recently, TabPFN has gained attention as a foundation model for tabular data. However, it struggles to integrate heterogeneous modalities such as images and text, which are common in domains like healthcare and marketing, thereby limiting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Wall Kim , Chaeyoung Song , Hanul Kim

Prior-Data Fitted Networks (PFNs) represent a paradigm shift in tabular data prediction. We present the principles of this new paradigm and evaluate two PFNs for estimating the average treatment effect (ATE) of a binary treatment on a…

The recently developed Prior-Data Fitted Networks (PFNs) have shown very promising results for applications in low-data regimes. The TabPFN model, a special case of PFNs for tabular data, is able to achieve state-of-the-art performance on a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-24 David Rundel , Julius Kobialka , Constantin von Crailsheim , Matthias Feurer , Thomas Nagler , David Rügamer

Foundation models for tabular data, such as the Tabular Prior-data Fitted Network (TabPFN), are pre-trained on a massive number of synthetic datasets generated by structural causal models (SCM). They leverage in-context learning to offer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Qinyi Liu , Mohammad Khalil , Naman Goel

Currently, it is hard to reap the benefits of deep learning for Bayesian methods, which allow the explicit specification of prior knowledge and accurately capture model uncertainty. We present Prior-Data Fitted Networks (PFNs). PFNs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-14 Samuel Müller , Noah Hollmann , Sebastian Pineda Arango , Josif Grabocka , Frank Hutter

Hollmann et al. (Nature 637 (2025) 319-326) recently introduced TabPFN, a transformer-based deep learning model for regression and classification on tabular data, which they claim "outperforms all previous methods on datasets with up to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Qiong Zhang , Yan Shuo Tan , Qinglong Tian , Pengfei Li

Training neural networks on randomly generated artificial datasets yields Bayesian models that capture the prior defined by the dataset-generating distribution. Prior-data Fitted Networks (PFNs) are a class of methods designed to leverage…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Samuel Müller , Arik Reuter , Noah Hollmann , David Rügamer , Frank Hutter

Predictive models are being increasingly used across a wide range of domains, including safety-critical applications such as medical diagnosis and criminal justice. Reliable uncertainty estimation is a crucial task in such settings. Tabular…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Madhushan Ramalingam

Tabular classification has traditionally relied on supervised algorithms, which estimate the parameters of a prediction model using its training data. Recently, Prior-Data Fitted Networks (PFNs) such as TabPFN have successfully learned to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-20 Benjamin Feuer , Chinmay Hegde , Niv Cohen

Prior-data fitted networks (PFNs) have emerged as promising foundation models for prediction from tabular datasets, achieving state-of-the-art performance on small to moderate data sizes without tuning. While PFNs are motivated by Bayesian…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-11 Thomas Nagler , David Rügamer

In engineering design, navigating complex decision-making landscapes demands a thorough exploration of the design, performance, and constraint spaces, often impeded by resource-intensive simulations. Data-driven methods can mitigate this…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Cyril Picard , Faez Ahmed

Prior-Data Fitted Networks (PFNs) enable amortized Bayesian inference in a single forward pass, yet their internal representations remain opaque. It is unknown whether PFNs encode identifiable Bayesian structure or merely memorize…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Kaustubh Sharma , Srijan Tiwari , Ojasva Nema , Parikshit Pareek

While tabular classification has traditionally relied on from-scratch training, a recent breakthrough called prior-data fitted networks (PFNs) challenges this approach. Similar to large language models, PFNs make use of pretraining and…

Prior-data fitted networks (PFNs) have achieved exceptional performance on tabular classification tasks. However, like other classifiers, their performance can suffer under the effect of class imbalance, resulting in poor performance for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Samuel McDowell , Nathan Stromberg , Lalitha Sankar
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