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Large Language Model (LLM) unlearning aims to remove targeted knowledge from a trained model, but practical deployments often require post-training quantization (PTQ) for efficient inference. However, aggressive low-bit PTQ can mask…

While neural networks have been remarkably successful in a wide array of applications, implementing them in resource-constrained hardware remains an area of intense research. By replacing the weights of a neural network with quantized…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-18 Jinjie Zhang , Yixuan Zhou , Rayan Saab

Post-training quantization (PTQ) is an effective approach for deploying large language models (LLMs) under memory and latency constraints. Most existing PTQ methods determine quantization parameters by minimizing a layer-wise reconstruction…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Yanlong Zhao , Xiaoyuan Cheng , Huihang Liu , Baihua He , Xinyu Zhang , Harrison Bo Hua Zhu , Wenlong Chen , Li Zeng , Zhuo Sun

World models learn an internal representation of environment dynamics, enabling agents to simulate and reason about future states within a compact latent space for tasks such as planning, prediction, and inference. However, running world…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Zhongqian Fu , Tianyi Zhao , Kai Han , Hang Zhou , Xinghao Chen , Yunhe Wang

Quantization Error Reconstruction (QER) reduces accuracy loss in Post-Training Quantization (PTQ) by approximating weights as $\mathbf{W} \approx \mathbf{Q} + \mathbf{L}\mathbf{R}$, using a rank-$r$ correction to reconstruct quantization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Yoonjun Cho , Dongjae Jeon , Soeun Kim , Moongyu Jeon , Albert No

Neural network quantization enables the deployment of large models on resource-constrained devices. Current post-training quantization methods fall short in terms of accuracy for INT4 (or lower) but provide reasonable accuracy for INT8 (or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-17 Yury Nahshan , Brian Chmiel , Chaim Baskin , Evgenii Zheltonozhskii , Ron Banner , Alex M. Bronstein , Avi Mendelson

Post-training quantization (PTQ) enables efficient deployment of large language models by mapping pretrained weights to low-bit formats without retraining, typically using a small calibration set to minimize a layer-wise calibration…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Seohyeon Cha , Huancheng Chen , Dongjun Kim , Haoran Zhang , Kevin Chan , Gustavo de Veciana , Haris Vikalo

Post-training quantization (PTQ) is a primary approach for deploying large language models without fine-tuning, and the quantized performance is often strongly affected by the calibration in PTQ. By contrast, in vision-language models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Zhenhao Shang , Haizhao Jing , Guoting Wei , Haokui Zhang , Rong Xiao , Jianqing Gao , Peng Wang

Deploying transformer-based neural networks on resource-constrained edge devices presents a significant challenge. This challenge is often addressed through various techniques, such as low-rank approximation and mixed-precision…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Ofir Gordon , Ariel Lapid , Elad Cohen , Yarden Yagil , Arnon Netzer , Hai Victor Habi

In the quest for next-generation sequence modeling architectures, State Space Models (SSMs) have emerged as a potent alternative to transformers, particularly for their computational efficiency and suitability for dynamical systems. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-17 Steven Abreu , Jens E. Pedersen , Kade M. Heckel , Alessandro Pierro

Large language models (LLMs) have shown immense potential across various domains, but their high memory requirements and inference costs remain critical challenges for deployment. Post-training quantization (PTQ) has emerged as a promising…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Tianyi Zhang , Anshumali Shrivastava

Neural network quantization enables the deployment of models on edge devices. An essential requirement for their hardware efficiency is that the quantizers are hardware-friendly: uniform, symmetric, and with power-of-two thresholds. To the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-17 Hai Victor Habi , Reuven Peretz , Elad Cohen , Lior Dikstein , Oranit Dror , Idit Diamant , Roy H. Jennings , Arnon Netzer

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown impressive capabilities across diverse tasks, but their large memory and compute demands hinder deployment. Ternarization has gained attention as a promising compression technique, delivering…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Xianglong Yan , Chengzhu Bao , Zhiteng Li , Tianao Zhang , Kaicheng Yang , Haotong Qin , Ruobing Xie , Xingwu Sun , Yulun Zhang

Quantization is an indispensable technique for serving Large Language Models (LLMs) and has recently found its way into LoRA fine-tuning. In this work we focus on the scenario where quantization and LoRA fine-tuning are applied together on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-29 Yixiao Li , Yifan Yu , Chen Liang , Pengcheng He , Nikos Karampatziakis , Weizhu Chen , Tuo Zhao

Quantization is a widely-used compression technology to reduce the overhead of serving large language models (LLMs) on terminal devices and in cloud data centers. However, prevalent quantization methods, such as 8-bit weight-activation or…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Lian Liu , Haimeng Ren , Long Cheng , Zhaohui Xu , Yudong Pan , Mengdi Wang , Xiaowei Li , Yinhe Han , Ying Wang

Post-Training Quantization (PTQ) is an effective technique for compressing Large Language Models (LLMs). While many studies focus on quantizing both weights and activations, it is still a challenge to maintain the accuracy of LLM after…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Wenyuan Liu , Xindian Ma , Peng Zhang , Yan Wang

Transformer based architectures have become de-facto models used for a range of Natural Language Processing tasks. In particular, the BERT based models achieved significant accuracy gain for GLUE tasks, CoNLL-03 and SQuAD. However, BERT…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-21 Sheng Shen , Zhen Dong , Jiayu Ye , Linjian Ma , Zhewei Yao , Amir Gholami , Michael W. Mahoney , Kurt Keutzer

Recently, post-training quantization (PTQ) has driven much attention to produce efficient neural networks without long-time retraining. Despite its low cost, current PTQ works tend to fail under the extremely low-bit setting. In this study,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-22 Xiuying Wei , Ruihao Gong , Yuhang Li , Xianglong Liu , Fengwei Yu

As wireless communication systems advance toward Sixth Generation (6G) Radio Access Networks (RAN), Deep Learning (DL)-based neural receivers are emerging as transformative solutions for Physical Layer (PHY) processing, delivering superior…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-16 SaiKrishna Saketh Yellapragada , Esa Ollila , Mario Costa

Post-training quantization (PTQ) of large language models (LLMs) to extremely low bit-widths remains challenging due to the fundamental trade-off between computational efficiency and representational capacity. While existing ultra-low-bit…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-05 He Xiao , Runming Yang , Qingyao Yang , Wendong Xu , Zhen Li , Yupeng Su , Zhengwu Liu , Hongxia Yang , Ngai Wong