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The rapid digitization of histopathology slides has opened up new possibilities for computational tools in clinical and research workflows. Among these, content-based slide retrieval stands out, enabling pathologists to identify…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Hongyi Wang , Zhengjie Zhu , Jiabo Ma , Fang Wang , Yue Shi , Bo Luo , Jili Wang , Qiuyu Cai , Xiuming Zhang , Yen-Wei Chen , Lanfen Lin , Hao Chen

Recent advancements in reasoning capability of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) demonstrate its effectiveness in tackling complex visual tasks. However, existing MLLM-based Video Anomaly Detection (VAD) methods remain limited to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Chao Huang , Benfeng Wang , Jie Wen , Chengliang Liu , Wei Wang , Li Shen , Xiaochun Cao

Although Vision Language Models (VLMs) have shown strong generalization in medical imaging, pathology presents unique challenges due to ultra-high resolution, complex tissue structures, and nuanced clinical semantics. These factors make…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Wenchuan Zhang , Jingru Guo , Hengzhe Zhang , Penghao Zhang , Jie Chen , Shuwan Zhang , Zhang Zhang , Yuhao Yi , Hong Bu

Recent advances in vision-language models (VLMs) have achieved remarkable performance on standard medical benchmarks, yet their true clinical reasoning ability remains unclear. Existing datasets predominantly emphasize classification…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Miao Jing , Mengting Jia , Junling Lin , Zhongxia Shen , Huan Gao , Mingkun Xu , Shangyang Li

Computational pathology, which involves analyzing whole slide images for automated cancer diagnosis, relies on multiple instance learning, where performance depends heavily on the feature extractor and aggregator. Recent Pathology…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Conghao Xiong , Hao Chen , Joseph J. Y. Sung

We introduce MediX-R1, an open-ended Reinforcement Learning (RL) framework for medical multimodal large language models (MLLMs) that enables clinically grounded, free-form answers beyond multiple-choice formats. MediX-R1 fine-tunes a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Sahal Shaji Mullappilly , Mohammed Irfan Kurpath , Omair Mohamed , Mohamed Zidan , Fahad Khan , Salman Khan , Rao Anwer , Hisham Cholakkal

The emergence of large multimodal models has unlocked remarkable potential in AI, particularly in pathology. However, the lack of specialized, high-quality benchmark impeded their development and precise evaluation. To address this, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-21 Yuxuan Sun , Hao Wu , Chenglu Zhu , Sunyi Zheng , Qizi Chen , Kai Zhang , Yunlong Zhang , Dan Wan , Xiaoxiao Lan , Mengyue Zheng , Jingxiong Li , Xinheng Lyu , Tao Lin , Lin Yang

This work tackles the problem of geo-localization with a new paradigm using a large vision-language model (LVLM) augmented with human inference knowledge. A primary challenge here is the scarcity of data for training the LVLM - existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Ling Li , Yu Ye , Yao Zhou , Bingchuan Jiang , Wei Zeng

Understanding camera dynamics is a fundamental pillar of video spatial intelligence. However, existing multimodal models predominantly treat this task as a black-box classification, often confusing physically distinct motions by relying on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Hang Wu , Yujun Cai , Zehao Li , Haonan Ge , Bowen Sun , Junsong Yuan , Yiwei Wang

Vision--Language Models (VLMs) show significant promise for Medical Visual Question Answering (VQA), yet their deployment in clinical settings is hindered by severe vulnerability to adversarial attacks. Standard adversarial training, while…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-23 A. A. Gde Yogi Pramana , Jason Ray , Anthony Jaya , Michael Wijaya

Large vision-language models (LVMs) hold a great promise for automating medical report generation, potentially reducing the burden of manual reporting. State-of-the-art (SOTA) research fine-tunes general LVMs with medical data to align…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-07 Hao Wang , Shuchang Ye , Jinghao Lin , Usman Naseem , Jinman Kim

Vision-language models (VLMs) have the potential to become co-pilots for pathologists. However, most VLMs either focus on small regions of interest within whole-slide images, provide only static slide-level outputs, or rely on data that is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Sander Moonemans , Sebastiaan Ram , Frédérique Meeuwsen , Carlijn Lems , Jeroen van der Laak , Geert Litjens , Francesco Ciompi

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) offer a promising approach to end-to-end autonomous driving due to their human-like reasoning capabilities. However, troublesome gaps remains between current VLMs and real-world autonomous driving applications.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Hao Jiang , Chuan Hu , Yukang Shi , Yuan He , Ke Wang , Xi Zhang , Zhipeng Zhang

In this article, we investigate vision-language models (VLM) as reasoners. The ability to form abstractions underlies mathematical reasoning, problem-solving, and other Math AI tasks. Several formalisms have been given to these underlying…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Denisa Roberts , Lucas Roberts

Foundation models have emerged as a powerful paradigm in computational pathology (CPath), enabling scalable and generalizable analysis of histopathological images. While early developments centered on uni-modal models trained solely on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Dong Li , Guihong Wan , Xintao Wu , Xinyu Wu , Xiaohui Chen , Yi He , Christine G. Lian , Peter K. Sorger , Yevgeniy R. Semenov , Chen Zhao

Recent work on reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) has shown that large language models (LLMs) can be substantially improved using outcome-level verification signals, such as unit tests for code or exact-match checks for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Massimiliano Pronesti , Anya Belz , Yufang Hou

Amidst a shortage of qualified mental health professionals, the integration of large language models (LLMs) into psychological applications offers a promising way to alleviate the growing burden of mental health disorders. Recent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Chongyuan Dai , Jinpeng Hu , Hongchang Shi , Zhuo Li , Xun Yang , Meng Wang

Large visual language models (VLMs) have shown strong multi-modal medical reasoning ability, but most operate as end-to-end black boxes, diverging from clinicians' evidence-based, staged workflows and hindering clinical accountability.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Yuexi Du , Jinglu Wang , Shujie Liu , Nicha C. Dvornek , Yan Lu

Medical tasks such as diagnosis and treatment planning require precise and complex reasoning, particularly in life-critical domains. Unlike mathematical reasoning, medical reasoning demands meticulous, verifiable thought processes to ensure…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Juncheng Wu , Wenlong Deng , Xingxuan Li , Sheng Liu , Taomian Mi , Yifan Peng , Ziyang Xu , Yi Liu , Hyunjin Cho , Chang-In Choi , Yihan Cao , Hui Ren , Xiang Li , Xiaoxiao Li , Yuyin Zhou

Multimodal pathological image understanding has garnered widespread interest due to its potential to improve diagnostic accuracy and enable personalized treatment through integrated visual and textual data. However, existing methods exhibit…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Zhe Xu , Cheng Jin , Yihui Wang , Ziyi Liu , Hao Chen