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Deep latent variable models are powerful tools for representation learning. In this paper, we adopt the deep information bottleneck model, identify its shortcomings and propose a model that circumvents them. To this end, we apply a copula…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-04-20 Aleksander Wieczorek , Mario Wieser , Damian Murezzan , Volker Roth

Unlearning has emerged as a critical capability for large language models (LLMs) to support data privacy, regulatory compliance, and ethical AI deployment. Recent techniques often rely on obfuscation by injecting incorrect or irrelevant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Guangzhi Sun , Potsawee Manakul , Xiao Zhan , Mark Gales

Transformer has become fundamental to a vast series of pre-trained large models that have achieved remarkable success across diverse applications. Machine unlearning, which focuses on efficiently removing specific data influences to comply…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Wenjie Bao , Jian Lou , Yuke Hu , Xiaochen Li , Zhihao Liu , Jiaqi Liu , Zhan Qin , Kui Ren

Machine Unlearning removes specific knowledge about training data samples from an already trained model. It has significant practical benefits, such as purging private, inaccurate, or outdated information from trained models without the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Jiali Cheng , Hadi Amiri

Once users have shared their data online, it is generally difficult for them to revoke access and ask for the data to be deleted. Machine learning (ML) exacerbates this problem because any model trained with said data may have memorized it,…

This study investigates the machine unlearning techniques within the context of large language models (LLMs), referred to as \textit{LLM unlearning}. LLM unlearning offers a principled approach to removing the influence of undesirable data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Jiahui Geng , Qing Li , Herbert Woisetschlaeger , Zongxiong Chen , Fengyu Cai , Yuxia Wang , Preslav Nakov , Hans-Arno Jacobsen , Fakhri Karray

As a means to balance the growth of the AI industry with the need for privacy protection, machine unlearning plays a crucial role in realizing the ``right to be forgotten'' in artificial intelligence. This technique enables AI systems to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Eun-Ju Park , Youjin Shin , Simon S. Woo

Machine unlearning is a prominent and challenging field, driven by regulatory demands for user data deletion and heightened privacy awareness. Existing approaches involve retraining model or multiple finetuning steps for each deletion…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-07 Sangamesh Kodge , Gobinda Saha , Kaushik Roy

We address the question of characterizing and finding optimal representations for supervised learning. Traditionally, this question has been tackled using the Information Bottleneck, which compresses the inputs while retaining information…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-19 Yann Dubois , Douwe Kiela , David J. Schwab , Ramakrishna Vedantam

Large Language Models (LLMs) deployed in real-world settings increasingly face the need to unlearn sensitive, outdated, or proprietary information. Existing unlearning methods typically formulate forgetting and retention as a regularized…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Taha Entesari , Arman Hatami , Rinat Khaziev , Anil Ramakrishna , Mahyar Fazlyab

Machine unlearning is the process through which a deployed machine learning model is made to forget about some of its training data points. While naively retraining the model from scratch is an option, it is almost always associated with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-03 Anvith Thudi , Gabriel Deza , Varun Chandrasekaran , Nicolas Papernot

As large language models (LLMs) are trained on massive datasets, they have raised significant privacy and ethical concerns due to their potential to inadvertently retain sensitive information. Unlearning seeks to selectively remove specific…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Philipp Spohn , Leander Girrbach , Jessica Bader , Zeynep Akata

Machine unlearning aims to efficiently eliminate the influence of specific training data, known as the forget set, from the model. However, existing unlearning methods for Large Language Models (LLMs) face a critical challenge: they rely…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-23 Anmol Mekala , Vineeth Dorna , Shreya Dubey , Abhishek Lalwani , David Koleczek , Mukund Rungta , Sadid Hasan , Elita Lobo

Machine unlearning is motivated by desire for data autonomy: a person can request to have their data's influence removed from deployed models, and those models should be updated as if they were retrained without the person's data. We show…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Martin Bertran , Shuai Tang , Michael Kearns , Jamie Morgenstern , Aaron Roth , Zhiwei Steven Wu

In recent years, representation learning has become the research focus of the machine learning community. Large-scale neural networks are a crucial step toward achieving general intelligence, with their success largely attributed to their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Lifeng Gu

We present a framework for learning disentangled representation of CapsNet by information bottleneck constraint that distills information into a compact form and motivates to learn an interpretable factorized capsule. In our $\beta$-CapsNet…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-13 Ming-fei Hu , Jian-wei Liu

Machine unlearning enables pre-trained models to remove the effect of certain portions of training data. Previous machine unlearning schemes have mainly focused on unlearning a cluster of instances or all instances belonging to a specific…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Heng Xu , Tianqing Zhu , Wanlei Zhou , Wei Zhao

Interpretability is a pressing issue for machine learning. Common approaches to interpretable machine learning constrain interactions between features of the input, rendering the effects of those features on a model's output comprehensible…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-11 Kieran A. Murphy , Dani S. Bassett

This paper proposes a deep representation learning using an information-theoretic loss with an aim to increase the inter-class distances as well as within-class similarity in the embedded space. Tasks such as anomaly and out-of-distribution…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-08 Shin Ando

In response to recent data regulation requirements, machine unlearning (MU) has emerged as a critical process to remove the influence of specific examples from a given model. Although exact unlearning can be achieved through complete model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Jinghan Jia , Jiancheng Liu , Parikshit Ram , Yuguang Yao , Gaowen Liu , Yang Liu , Pranay Sharma , Sijia Liu
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