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Cyber-physical systems (CPS) are assemblies of networked, heterogeneous, hardware, and software components sensing, evaluating, and actuating a physical environment. This heterogeneity induces complexity that makes CPSs challenging to model…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2021-09-01 Stéphane Kastenbaum , Benoît Boyer , Jean-Pierre Talpin

Ensuring correctness of timed behaviors in cyber-physical systems (CPS) using closed-loop verification is challenging due to the hybrid dynamics in both systems and environments. Simulink and Stateflow are tools for model-based design that…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-11-01 Li Huang , Eun-Young Kang

We address the problem of detecting and mitigating the effect of malicious attacks to the sensors of a linear dynamical system. We develop a novel, efficient algorithm that uses a Satisfiability-Modulo-Theory approach to isolate the…

Debugging Cyber-Physical System (CPS) models can be extremely complex. Indeed, only the detection of a failure is insuffcient to know how to correct a faulty model. Faults can propagate in time and in space producing observable…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-10-14 Ezio Bartocci , Niveditha Manjunath , Leonardo Mariani , Cristinel Mateis , Dejan Ničković

Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) are complex systems that require powerful models for tasks like verification, diagnosis, or debugging. Often, suitable models are not available and manual extraction is difficult. Data-driven approaches then…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Swantje Plambeck , Ali Salamati , Eyke Huellermeier , Goerschwin Fey

Rigid bodies, plastic impact, persistent contact, Coulomb friction, and massless limbs are ubiquitous simplifications introduced to reduce the complexity of mechanics models despite the obvious physical inaccuracies that each incurs…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-07-31 Aaron M. Johnson , Samuel A. Burden , Daniel E. Koditschek

In this paper, we propose conformal inference based approach for statistical verification of CPS models. Cyber-physical systems (CPS) such as autonomous vehicles, avionic systems, and medical devices operate in highly uncertain…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-07-16 Chuchu Fan , Xin Qin , Yuan Xia , Aditya Zutshi , Jyotirmoy Deshmukh

Several sources of uncertainty have to be taken into account in the analysis and design of CPS. The set of parameters used in the model of the physical plant of a CPS may be uncertain due, for example, to manufacturing processes that are…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-02 Alessandro Pinto

The rapid evolution of Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) across various domains like mobility systems, networked control systems, sustainable manufacturing, smart power grids, and the Internet of Things necessitates innovative solutions that…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-06-25 Andreas A. Malikopoulos

Ensuring safety in cyber-physical systems (CPSs) is a critical challenge, especially when system models are difficult to obtain or cannot be fully trusted due to uncertainty, modeling errors, or environmental disturbances. Traditional…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-15 Mohammed Adib Oumer , Amr Alanwar , Majid Zamani

Cyber-physical space systems are engineered systems operating within physical space with design requirements that depend on space, e.g., regarding location or movement behavior. They are built from and depend upon the seamless integration…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-07-15 Nianyu Li , Christos Tsigkanos , Zhi Jin , Zhenjiang Hu , Carlo Ghezzi

We address the problem of estimating the state of a differentially flat system from measurements that may be corrupted by an adversarial attack. In cyber-physical systems, malicious attacks can directly compromise the system's sensors or…

Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) increasingly depend on advanced AI techniques to operate in critical applications. However, traditional verification and validation methods often struggle to handle the unpredictable and dynamic nature of AI…

Building Automation Systems (BAS) are exemplars of Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS), incorporating digital control architectures over underlying continuous physical processes. We provide a modular model library for BAS drawn from expertise…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2018-04-18 Nathalie Cauchi , Alessandro Abate

As modern engineering systems grow in complexity, attitudes toward a modular design approach become increasingly more favorable. A key challenge to a modular design approach is the certification of robust stability under uncertainties in…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-03-22 Soumya Kundu , Wei Du , Sai Pushpak Nandanoori , Frank Tuffner , Kevin Schneider

Emergent properties in distributed systems arise due to timing unpredictability; asynchronous state evolution within each sub-system may lead the macro-system to faulty meta-states. Empirical validation of correctness is often prohibitively…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Tinapat Limsila , Mehul Sharma , Paulo Garcia

Foundation models excel in stable environments, yet often fail where reliability matters most: medicine, finance, and policy. This Fidelity Paradox is not just a data problem; it is structural. In domains where rules change over time, extra…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Steffen Lukas

Cyber-physical systems are often safety-critical and their correctness is crucial, as in the case of automated driving. Using formal mathematical methods is one way to guarantee correctness. Though these methods have shown their usefulness,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-14 Yuvaraj Selvaraj , Jonas Krook , Wolfgang Ahrendt , Martin Fabian

Maintaining an acceptable level of quality of service in modern complex systems is challenging, particularly in the presence of various forms of uncertainty caused by changing execution context, unpredicted events, etc. Although…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-12-04 Fatma Kachi , Chafia Bouanaka , Souheir Merkouche

Cyber-physical systems (CPS) are often defended in the same manner as information technology (IT) systems -- by using perimeter security. Multiple factors make such defenses insufficient for CPS. Resiliency shows potential in overcoming…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-10-12 Cody Fleming , Carl Elks , Georgios Bakirtzis , Stephen C. Adams , Bryan Carter , Peter A. Beling , Barry Horowitz