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We consider joint estimation of multiple graphical models arising from heterogeneous and high-dimensional observations. Unlike most previous approaches which assume that the cluster structure is given in advance, an appealing feature of our…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-01-16 Botao Hao , Will Wei Sun , Yufeng Liu , Guang Cheng

As Large Language Models (LLMs) push the boundaries of AI capabilities, their demand for data is growing. Much of this data is private and distributed across edge devices, making Federated Learning (FL) a de-facto alternative for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-22 Hanzi Mei , Dongqi Cai , Ao Zhou , Shangguang Wang , Mengwei Xu

Federated learning is a decentralized machine learning framework that enables collaborative model training without revealing raw data. Due to the diverse hardware and software limitations, a client may not always be available for the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Lili Su , Ming Xiang , Jiaming Xu , Pengkun Yang

We consider the problem of inferring an unknown number of clusters in replicated multinomial data. Under a model based clustering point of view, this task can be treated by estimating finite mixtures of multinomial distributions with or…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-07-07 Panagiotis Papastamoulis

The optimal design of federated learning (FL) algorithms for solving general machine learning (ML) problems in practical edge computing systems with quantized message passing remains an open problem. This paper considers an edge computing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-05 Yangchen Li , Ying Cui , Vincent Lau

Federated Learning (FL) deals with learning a central model (i.e. the server) in privacy-constrained scenarios, where data are stored on multiple devices (i.e. the clients). The central model has no direct access to the data, but only to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-03 Debora Caldarola , Massimiliano Mancini , Fabio Galasso , Marco Ciccone , Emanuele Rodolà , Barbara Caputo

Federated Learning (FL) enables the multiple participating devices to collaboratively contribute to a global neural network model while keeping the training data locally. Unlike the centralized training setting, the non-IID and imbalanced…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Moming Duan , Duo Liu , Xinyuan Ji , Renping Liu , Liang Liang , Xianzhang Chen , Yujuan Tan

The present work proposes hybridization of Expectation-Maximization (EM) and K-Means techniques as an attempt to speed-up the clustering process. Though both K-Means and EM techniques look into different areas, K-means can be viewed as an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-03-28 D. Raja Kishor , N. B. Venkateswarlu

Federated Learning (FL) suffers significant performance degradation in real-world deployments characterized by moderate to extreme statistical heterogeneity (non-IID client data). While global aggregation strategies promote broad…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Prakash Kumbhakar , Shrey Srivastava , Haroon R Lone

Federated learning (FL) aims to minimize the communication complexity of training a model over heterogeneous data distributed across many clients. A common approach is local methods, where clients take multiple optimization steps over local…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-18 Charlie Hou , Kiran K. Thekumparampil , Giulia Fanti , Sewoong Oh

Federated learning aims to collaboratively train a strong global model by accessing users' locally trained models but not their own data. A crucial step is therefore to aggregate local models into a global model, which has been shown…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-12 Hong-You Chen , Wei-Lun Chao

Personalized Federated Learning aims at addressing the challenges of non-IID data in collaborative model training. However, existing methods struggle to balance personalization and generalization, often oversimplifying client similarities…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Mattia Giovanni Campana , Franca Delmastro

Knowledge sharing and model personalization are essential components to tackle the non-IID challenge in federated learning (FL). Most existing FL methods focus on two extremes: 1) to learn a shared model to serve all clients with non-IID…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-08 Jie Ma , Guodong Long , Tianyi Zhou , Jing Jiang , Chengqi Zhang

The Expectation-Maximization algorithm is perhaps the most broadly used algorithm for inference of latent variable problems. A theoretical understanding of its performance, however, largely remains lacking. Recent results established that…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-05-30 Jeongyeol Kwon , Wei Qian , Constantine Caramanis , Yudong Chen , Damek Davis

Federated Learning (FL) has emerged as a prominent distributed machine learning framework that enables geographically discrete clients to train a global model collaboratively while preserving their privacy-sensitive data. However, due to…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-04-15 Shensheng Zheng , Wenhao Yuan , Xuehe Wang , Lingjie Duan

We consider the problem of personalized federated learning when there are known cluster structures within users. An intuitive approach would be to regularize the parameters so that users in the same cluster share similar model weights. The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-29 Boxiang Lyu , Filip Hanzely , Mladen Kolar

Federated learning (FL) holds great potential for medical applications. However, statistical heterogeneity across healthcare institutions poses a major challenge for FL, as the global model struggles both to generalize across unseen patient…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-04 Zoe Fowler , Ghassan AlRegib

Unified multimodal models (UMMs) are emerging as strong foundation models that can do both generation and understanding tasks in a single architecture. However, they are typically trained in centralized settings where all training and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Zhaolong Su , Leheng Zhao , Xiaoying Wu , Ziyue Xu , Jindong Wang

Federated multi-view clustering has the potential to learn a global clustering model from data distributed across multiple devices. In this setting, label information is unknown and data privacy must be preserved, leading to two major…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Xinyue Chen , Jie Xu , Yazhou Ren , Xiaorong Pu , Ce Zhu , Xiaofeng Zhu , Zhifeng Hao , Lifang He

LLM pre-training efficacy increasingly depends on data composition rather than sheer volume. Yet, optimal mixing is hindered by categorization flaws: human taxonomies suffer from ontological misalignment, and Euclidean clustering fails to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Yue Min , Ziyun Qiao , Ruining Chen , Yujun Li