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This study introduces a novel application of a Generative Pre-trained Transformer (GPT) model tailored for photoplethysmography (PPG) signals, serving as a foundation model for various downstream tasks. Adapting the standard GPT…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Zhaoliang Chen , Cheng Ding , Saurabh Kataria , Runze Yan , Minxiao Wang , Randall Lee , Xiao Hu

Photoplethysmography (PPG) is the leading non-invasive technique for monitoring biosignals and cardiovascular health, with widespread adoption in both clinical settings and consumer wearable devices. While machine learning models trained on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Arvind Pillai , Dimitris Spathis , Fahim Kawsar , Mohammad Malekzadeh

Photoplethysmography (PPG) is a widely used non-invasive physiological sensing technique, suitable for various clinical applications. Such clinical applications are increasingly supported by machine learning methods, raising the question of…

Remote photoplethysmography (rPPG) is an important technique for perceiving human vital signs, which has received extensive attention. For a long time, researchers have focused on supervised methods that rely on large amounts of labeled…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Xin Liu , Yuting Zhang , Zitong Yu , Hao Lu , Huanjing Yue , Jingyu Yang

Photoplethysmography (PPG)-based foundation models are gaining traction due to the widespread use of PPG in biosignal monitoring and their potential to generalize across diverse health applications. In this paper, we introduce Pulse-PPG,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Mithun Saha , Maxwell A. Xu , Wanting Mao , Sameer Neupane , James M. Rehg , Santosh Kumar

Photoplethysmography (PPG) is widely used in wearable health monitoring, yet large PPG foundation models remain difficult to deploy on resource-limited devices. We present PPG-Distill, a knowledge distillation framework that transfers both…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Juntong Ni , Saurabh Kataria , Shengpu Tang , Carl Yang , Xiao Hu , Wei Jin

Background: Photoplethysmography (PPG) is a non-invasive optical sensing technique widely used to capture hemodynamic information, with broad deployment in both clinical monitoring systems and wearable devices. In recent years, the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Guangkun Nie , Jiabao Zhu , Gongzheng Tang , Deyun Zhang , Shijia Geng , Qinghao Zhao , Shenda Hong

Detecting 3D mask attacks to a face recognition system is challenging. Although genuine faces and 3D face masks show significantly different remote photoplethysmography (rPPG) signals, rPPG-based face anti-spoofing methods often suffer from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-26 Chenglin Yao , Jianfeng Ren , Ruibin Bai , Heshan Du , Jiang Liu , Xudong Jiang

Photoplethysmography (PPG) is one of the most widely captured biosignals for clinical prediction tasks, yet PPG-based algorithms are typically trained on small-scale datasets of uncertain quality, which hinders meaningful algorithm…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Mohammad Moulaeifard , Philip J. Aston , Peter H. Charlton , Nils Strodthoff

Masked Image Modeling (MIM) techniques have redefined the landscape of computer vision, enabling pre-trained models to achieve exceptional performance across a broad spectrum of tasks. Despite their success, the full potential of MIM-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-05 Sumin Son , Hyesong Choi , Dongbo Min

Text-driven image editing has advanced rapidly, but reliably localizing these manipulations requires image manipulation localization (IML) models trained on large pixel-annotated datasets, and there is still no low-cost way to obtain such…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Peiyu Zhuang , Jianquan Yang , Haodong Li , Zhuoying Cai , Ruitao Xie , Jishen Zeng , Baoying Chen , Jiwu Huang , Xiaochun Cao

Photoplethysmography (PPG) sensor in wearable and clinical devices provides valuable physiological insights in a non-invasive and real-time fashion. Specialized Foundation Models (FM) or repurposed time-series FMs are used to benchmark…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Saurabh Kataria , Ayca Ermis , Lovely Yeswanth Panchumarthi , Minxiao Wang , Xiao Hu

Photoplethysmography (PPG) is a widely used non-invasive sensing modality for continuous cardiovascular and physiological monitoring across clinical, laboratory, and wearable settings. While existing PPG datasets support a broad range of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Hung Manh Pham , Jinyang Wu , Xiao Ma , Yiming Zhang , Yixin Xu , Aaqib Saeed , Bin Zhu , Zhou Pan , Dong Ma

Photoplethysmography (PPG) has become a ubiquitous physiological signal; however, current generative models still struggle to preserve realistic waveform morphology and learn a latent structure that captures cardiac and respiratory…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-25 Fatemeh Ghasemi Balouei , Nathan Willemsen , Mahesh Banavar , Bahman Moraffah

Compared to the prosperity of pre-training models in natural image understanding, the research on large-scale pre-training models for facial knowledge learning is still limited. Current approaches mainly rely on manually assembled and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Yudong Li , Hao Li , Xianxu Hou , Linlin Shen

Accurate extraction of heart rate from photoplethysmography (PPG) signals remains challenging due to motion artifacts and signal degradation. Although deep learning methods trained as a data-driven inference problem offer promising…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-21 Christodoulos Kechris , Jonathan Dan , Jose Miranda , David Atienza

In this paper we propose a robust approach to model photoplethysmography (PPG) signals. After decomposing the signal into two components, we focus the analysis on the pulsatile part, related to cardiac information. The goal is to enable a…

Applications · Statistics 2019-05-28 M. Regis , L. M. Eerikäinen , R. Haakma , E. R. van den Heuvel , P. Serra

Remote photoplethysmography (rPPG) is a promising technology that captures physiological signals from face videos, with potential applications in medical health, emotional computing, and biosecurity recognition. The demand for rPPG tasks…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Yuting Zhang , Hao Lu , Xin Liu , Yingcong Chen , Kaishun Wu

Face anti-spoofing (FAS) and face forgery detection play vital roles in securing face biometric systems from presentation attacks (PAs) and vicious digital manipulation (e.g., deepfakes). Despite promising performance upon large-scale data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-09 Zitong Yu , Rizhao Cai , Zhi Li , Wenhan Yang , Jingang Shi , Alex C. Kot

Photoplethysmography (PPG) is a widely adopted, non-invasive technique for monitoring cardiovascular health and physiological parameters in both consumer and clinical settings. While motion artifacts in dynamic environments have been…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Manh Pham Hung , Matthew Yiwen Ho , Yiming Zhang , Dimitris Spathis , Aaqib Saeed , Dong Ma
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