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Parameter regularization or allocation methods are effective in overcoming catastrophic forgetting in lifelong learning. However, they solve all tasks in a sequence uniformly and ignore the differences in the learning difficulty of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-12 Wenjin Wang , Yunqing Hu , Qianglong Chen , Yin Zhang

While recent continual learning methods largely alleviate the catastrophic problem on toy-sized datasets, some issues remain to be tackled to apply them to real-world problem domains. First, a continual learning model should effectively…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-18 Jaehong Yoon , Saehoon Kim , Eunho Yang , Sung Ju Hwang

Continual learning methods based on pre-trained models (PTM) have recently gained attention which adapt to successive downstream tasks without catastrophic forgetting. These methods typically refrain from updating the pre-trained parameters…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Kun-Peng Ning , Hai-Jian Ke , Yu-Yang Liu , Jia-Yu Yao , Yong-Hong Tian , Li Yuan

Parameter-efficient continual learning has emerged as a promising approach for large language models (LLMs) to mitigate catastrophic forgetting while enabling adaptation to new tasks. Current Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) continual learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Fuli Qiao , Mehrdad Mahdavi

In order for artificial neural networks to begin accurately mimicking biological ones, they must be able to adapt to new exigencies without forgetting what they have learned from previous training. Lifelong learning approaches to artificial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-27 Gabriel Mantione-Holmes , Justin Leo , Jugal Kalita

Multimodal continual instruction tuning enables multimodal large language models to sequentially adapt to new tasks while building upon previously acquired knowledge. However, this continual learning paradigm faces the significant challenge…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Songze Li , Mingyu Gao , Tonghua Su , Xu-Yao Zhang , Zhongjie Wang

Current training regimes for deep learning usually involve exposure to a single task / dataset at a time. Here we start from the observation that in this context the trained model is not given any knowledge of anything outside its…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-02-11 Giacomo Spigler

Modern AI models are typically trained on static datasets, limiting their ability to continuously adapt to rapidly evolving real-world environments. While continual learning (CL) addresses this limitation, most CL methods are designed for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Gyutae Oh , Jitae Shin

Continual learning is an emerging paradigm in machine learning, wherein a model is exposed in an online fashion to data from multiple different distributions (i.e. environments), and is expected to adapt to the distribution change.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-29 Binghui Peng , Andrej Risteski

We lack a systematic understanding of the effects of fine-tuning (via methods such as instruction-tuning or reinforcement learning from human feedback), particularly on tasks outside the narrow fine-tuning distribution. In a simplified…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Suhas Kotha , Jacob Mitchell Springer , Aditi Raghunathan

Incremental Learning (IL) aims to learn deep models on sequential tasks continually, where each new task includes a batch of new classes and deep models have no access to task-ID information at the inference time. Recent vast pre-trained…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Qian Feng , Hanbin Zhao , Chao Zhang , Jiahua Dong , Henghui Ding , Yu-Gang Jiang , Hui Qian

This paper presents a data-free, parameter-isolation-based continual learning algorithm we developed for the sequential task continual learning track of the 2nd Greater Bay Area International Algorithm Competition. The method learns an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Sishun Pan , Xixian Wu , Tingmin Li , Longfei Huang , Mingxu Feng , Zhonghua Wan , Yang Yang

Artificial neural networks often struggle with catastrophic forgetting when learning multiple tasks sequentially, as training on new tasks degrades the performance on previously learned tasks. Recent theoretical work has addressed this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Francesco Mori , Stefano Sarao Mannelli , Francesca Mignacco

The recent "pre-train, prompt, predict training" paradigm has gained popularity as a way to learn generalizable models with limited labeled data. The approach involves using a pre-trained model and a prompting function that applies a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-01 Xuansheng Wu , Kaixiong Zhou , Mingchen Sun , Xin Wang , Ninghao Liu

We introduce a rehearsal-free federated domain incremental learning framework, RefFiL, based on a global prompt-sharing paradigm to alleviate catastrophic forgetting challenges in federated domain-incremental learning, where unseen domains…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Rui Sun , Haoran Duan , Jiahua Dong , Varun Ojha , Tejal Shah , Rajiv Ranjan

Rehearsal-based continual learning (CL) mitigates catastrophic forgetting by maintaining a subset of samples from previous tasks for replay. Existing studies primarily focus on optimizing memory storage through coreset selection strategies.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Minh-Duong Nguyen , Thien-Thanh Dao , Le-Tuan Nguyen , Dung D. Le , Kok-Seng Wong

Recent pre-trained vision-language models (PT-VLMs) often face a Multi-Domain Task Incremental Learning (MTIL) scenario in practice, where several classes and domains of multi-modal tasks are incrementally arrived. Without access to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Hao Fu , Hanbin Zhao , Jiahua Dong , Henghui Ding , Chao Zhang , Hui Qian

Hyperparameter selection in continual learning scenarios is a challenging and underexplored aspect, especially in practical non-stationary environments. Traditional approaches, such as grid searches with held-out validation data from all…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Rudy Semola , Julio Hurtado , Vincenzo Lomonaco , Davide Bacciu

Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) exhibit remarkable multi-tasking ability by learning mixed instruction datasets. However, novel tasks would be encountered sequentially in dynamic world, which urges for equipping LMMs with multimodal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Fanhu Zeng , Fei Zhu , Haiyang Guo , Xu-Yao Zhang , Cheng-Lin Liu

We propose a method for tackling catastrophic forgetting in deep reinforcement learning that is \textit{agnostic} to the timescale of changes in the distribution of experiences, does not require knowledge of task boundaries, and can adapt…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-18 Christos Kaplanis , Murray Shanahan , Claudia Clopath