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Large language models (LLMs) have achieved impressive results across a range of natural language processing tasks, but their potential to generate harmful content has raised serious safety concerns. Current toxicity detectors primarily rely…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Zhiqiang Kou , Junyang Chen , Xin-Qiang Cai , Ming-Kun Xie , Biao Liu , Changwei Wang , Lei Feng , Yuheng Jia , Gang Niu , Masashi Sugiyama , Xin Geng

Traditionally, success in multilingual machine translation can be attributed to three key factors in training data: large volume, diverse translation directions, and high quality. In the current practice of fine-tuning large language models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Dawei Zhu , Pinzhen Chen , Miaoran Zhang , Barry Haddow , Xiaoyu Shen , Dietrich Klakow

Tabular Language Models (TLMs) have been claimed to achieve emergent generalization for tabular prediction. We conduct a systematic re-evaluation of Tabula-8B as a representative TLM, utilizing 165 datasets from the UniPredict benchmark.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Aditya Gorla , Ratish Puduppully

While large language models (LLMs) exhibit state-of-the-art performance in various tasks, recent studies have revealed their struggle for code translation. This is because they haven't been extensively pre-trained with parallel multilingual…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Qingxiao Tao , Tingrui Yu , Xiaodong Gu , Beijun Shen

Large language models (LLMs) are demonstrably capable of cross-lingual transfer, but can produce inconsistent output when prompted with the same queries written in different languages. To understand how language models are able to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Zheng Wei Lim , Alham Fikri Aji , Trevor Cohn

The training paradigm for machine translation has gradually shifted, from learning neural machine translation (NMT) models with extensive parallel corpora to instruction finetuning on multilingual large language models (LLMs) with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-08 Pengzhi Gao , Zhongjun He , Hua Wu , Haifeng Wang

Although LLMs have attained significant success in high-resource languages, their capacity in low-resource linguistic environments like Kannada and Arabic is not yet fully understood. This work benchmarking the performance of multilingual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Maitha Alshehhi , Ahmed Sharshar , Mohsen Guizani

Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable performance on a variety of NLP tasks, and are being rapidly adopted in a wide range of use cases. It is therefore of vital importance to holistically evaluate the factuality of their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-26 Jiaqing Yuan , Lin Pan , Chung-Wei Hang , Jiang Guo , Jiarong Jiang , Bonan Min , Patrick Ng , Zhiguo Wang

The problem of data contamination is now almost inevitable during the development of large language models (LLMs), with the training data commonly integrating those evaluation benchmarks even unintentionally. This problem subsequently makes…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Ruijie Hou , Yueyang Jiao , Hanxu Hu , Yingming Li , Wai Lam , Huajian Zhang , Hongyuan Lu

Large language models (LLMs) achieve strong average performance yet remain unreliable at the instance level, with frequent hallucinations, brittle failures, and poorly calibrated confidence. We study reliability through the lens of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Pranav Kallem

While many have shown how Large Language Models (LLMs) can be applied to a diverse set of tasks, the critical issues of data contamination and memorization are often glossed over. In this work, we address this concern for tabular data.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-05 Sebastian Bordt , Harsha Nori , Vanessa Rodrigues , Besmira Nushi , Rich Caruana

Large Language Models (LLMs) have transformed NLP with their remarkable In-context Learning (ICL) capabilities. Automated assistants based on LLMs are gaining popularity; however, adapting them to novel tasks is still challenging. While…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Anwoy Chatterjee , Eshaan Tanwar , Subhabrata Dutta , Tanmoy Chakraborty

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly becoming the preferred foundation platforms for many Natural Language Processing tasks such as Machine Translation, owing to their quality often comparable to or better than task-specific…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-18 Zhifan Sun , Antonio Valerio Miceli-Barone

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate strong machine translation capabilities on languages they are trained on. However, the impact of factors beyond training data size on translation performance remains a topic of debate, especially…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-08 Ryandito Diandaru , Lucky Susanto , Zilu Tang , Ayu Purwarianti , Derry Wijaya

Background: Biomedical entity normalization is critical to biomedical research because the richness of free-text clinical data, such as progress notes, can often be fully leveraged only after translating words and phrases into structured…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-27 Nicholas J Dobbins

Using translation memories (TMs) as prompts is a promising approach to in-context learning of machine translation models. In this work, we take a step towards prompting large language models (LLMs) with TMs and making them better…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Yongyu Mu , Abudurexiti Reheman , Zhiquan Cao , Yuchun Fan , Bei Li , Yinqiao Li , Tong Xiao , Chunliang Zhang , Jingbo Zhu

Continual learning (CL) aims to empower models to learn new tasks without forgetting previously acquired knowledge. Most prior works concentrate on the techniques of architectures, replay data, regularization, \etc. However, the category…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Bolin Ni , Hongbo Zhao , Chenghao Zhang , Ke Hu , Gaofeng Meng , Zhaoxiang Zhang , Shiming Xiang

Large language models (LLMs) face significant challenges when balancing multiple high-level objectives, such as generating coherent, relevant, and high-quality responses while maintaining efficient task adaptation across diverse tasks. To…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Yupeng Chang , Yi Chang , Yuan Wu

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate exceptional capabilities in a multitude of NLP tasks. However, the efficacy of such models to languages other than English is often limited. Prior works have shown that encoder-only models such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Divyanshu Aggarwal , Ashutosh Sathe , Sunayana Sitaram

Recent claims about the impressive abilities of large language models (LLMs) are often supported by evaluating publicly available benchmarks. Since LLMs train on wide swaths of the internet, this practice raises concerns of data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Manley Roberts , Himanshu Thakur , Christine Herlihy , Colin White , Samuel Dooley