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Current deep learning-based solutions for image analysis tasks are commonly incapable of handling problems to which multiple different plausible solutions exist. In response, posterior-based methods such as conditional Diffusion Models and…

In recent years, the ascendance of diffusion modeling as a state-of-the-art generative modeling approach has spurred significant interest in their use as priors in Bayesian inverse problems. However, it is unclear how to optimally integrate…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-08-28 Evan Scope Crafts , Umberto Villa

In variational inference, the benefits of Bayesian models rely on accurately capturing the true posterior distribution. We propose using neural samplers that specify implicit distributions, which are well-suited for approximating complex…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-10 Anshuk Uppal , Kristoffer Stensbo-Smidt , Wouter Boomsma , Jes Frellsen

Diffusion models have emerged as powerful generative tools with applications in computer vision and scientific machine learning (SciML), where they have been used to solve large-scale probabilistic inverse problems. Traditionally, these…

Diffusion models have emerged as the new state-of-the-art generative model with high quality samples, with intriguing properties such as mode coverage and high flexibility. They have also been shown to be effective inverse problem solvers,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Hyungjin Chung , Dohoon Ryu , Michael T. McCann , Marc L. Klasky , Jong Chul Ye

We propose a surrogate function for efficient yet principled use of score-based priors in Bayesian imaging. We consider ill-posed inverse imaging problems in which one aims for a clean image posterior given incomplete or noisy measurements.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-29 Berthy T. Feng , Katherine L. Bouman

Deconvolution of astronomical images is a key aspect of recovering the intrinsic properties of celestial objects, especially when considering ground-based observations. This paper explores the use of diffusion models (DMs) and the Diffusion…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-01-22 Alessio Spagnoletti , Alexandre Boucaud , Marc Huertas-Company , Wassim Kabalan , Biswajit Biswas

Recent studies on inverse problems have proposed posterior samplers that leverage the pre-trained diffusion models as powerful priors. These attempts have paved the way for using diffusion models in a wide range of inverse problems.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-24 Sojin Lee , Dogyun Park , Inho Kong , Hyunwoo J. Kim

Score-based models generate samples by mapping noise to data (and vice versa) via a high-dimensional diffusion process. We question whether it is necessary to run this entire process at high dimensionality and incur all the inconveniences…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-28 Bowen Jing , Gabriele Corso , Renato Berlinghieri , Tommi Jaakkola

We consider a class of inverse problems characterized by forward operators that are partially specified, non-smooth, and non-differentiable. Although generative inverse solvers have made significant progress, we find that these forward…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Sattwik Basu , Chaitanya Amballa , Zhongweiyang Xu , Jorge Vančo Sampedro , Srihari Nelakuditi , Romit Roy Choudhury

Inference-time algorithms are an emerging paradigm in which pre-trained models are used as subroutines to solve downstream tasks. Such algorithms have been proposed for tasks ranging from inverse problems and guided image generation to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Ankur Moitra , Andrej Risteski , Dhruv Rohatgi

Recent advancements in diffusion and flow-matching models have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in high-fidelity image synthesis. A prominent line of research involves reward-guided guidance, which steers the generation process during…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Jinho Chang , Jaemin Kim , Jong Chul Ye

Denoising diffusion models have emerged as the go-to generative framework for solving inverse problems in imaging. A critical concern regarding these models is their performance on out-of-distribution tasks, which remains an under-explored…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-29 Riccardo Barbano , Alexander Denker , Hyungjin Chung , Tae Hoon Roh , Simon Arridge , Peter Maass , Bangti Jin , Jong Chul Ye

Score-based diffusion models demonstrate superior performance in generative tasks but encounter fundamental bottlenecks in inverse problems due to the analytical intractability of the time-dependent likelihood score. To bridge this gap, we…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-28 Boyang Zhang , Zhiguo Wang , Ya-Feng Liu

In inverse problems, we often have access to data consisting of paired samples $(x,y)\sim p_{X,Y}(x,y)$ where $y$ are partial observations of a physical system, and $x$ represents the unknowns of the problem. Under these circumstances, we…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-07-17 Ali Siahkoohi , Gabrio Rizzuti , Philipp A. Witte , Felix J. Herrmann

Score-based modeling through stochastic differential equations (SDEs) has provided a new perspective on diffusion models, and demonstrated superior performance on continuous data. However, the gradient of the log-likelihood function, i.e.,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Haoran Sun , Lijun Yu , Bo Dai , Dale Schuurmans , Hanjun Dai

Recent advancements in diffusion models have been leveraged to address inverse problems without additional training, and Diffusion Posterior Sampling (DPS) (Chung et al., 2022a) is among the most popular approaches. Previous analyses…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Tongda Xu , Xiyan Cai , Xinjie Zhang , Xingtong Ge , Dailan He , Ming Sun , Jingjing Liu , Ya-Qin Zhang , Jian Li , Yan Wang

Score-based diffusion models generate new samples by learning the score function associated with a diffusion process. While the effectiveness of these models can be theoretically explained using differential equations related to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Doheon Kim

Recently, score-based diffusion models have shown satisfactory performance in MRI reconstruction. Most of these methods require a large amount of fully sampled MRI data as a training set, which, sometimes, is difficult to acquire in…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-09-05 Zhuo-Xu Cui , Chentao Cao , Shaonan Liu , Qingyong Zhu , Jing Cheng , Haifeng Wang , Yanjie Zhu , Dong Liang

Can a text-to-image diffusion model be used as a training objective for adapting a GAN generator to another domain? In this paper, we show that the classifier-free guidance can be leveraged as a critic and enable generators to distill…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-12 Kunpeng Song , Ligong Han , Bingchen Liu , Dimitris Metaxas , Ahmed Elgammal