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Using cryogenic transmission electron microscopy, we revealed three dimensional (3D) structural details of the electrochemically plated lithium (Li) flakes and their solid electrolyte interphase (SEI), including the composite SEI skin-layer…

A rechargeable lithium metal battery (LMB), which uses metallic lithium at the anode, is among the most promising technologies for next generation electrochemical energy storage devices due to its high energy density, particularly when Li…

Materials Science · Physics 2016-04-15 Lin Ma , Mun Sek Kim , Lynden A. Archer

This work presents an ab initio exploration of fundamental mechanisms with direct relevance to dendrite formation at lithium-electrolyte interfaces. Specifically, we explore surface diffusion barriers and solvated surface energies of…

Materials Science · Physics 2015-04-23 Yalcin Ozhabes , Deniz Gunceler , T. A. Arias

Electropolymerization plays a critical role in the electrochemical systems. In this chapter, we address such role within the context of interplay between kinetics and energetics. The trains of chin radical reactions leads to the formation…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2019-04-18 Asghar Aryanfar , Agustin J. Colussi , Laleh M. Kasmaee , Michael R. Hoffmann

The properties of rechargeable lithium-ion batteries are determined by the electrochemical and kinetic properties of their constituent materials as well as by their underlying microstructure. Microstructural design can be leveraged to…

Materials Science · Physics 2022-03-11 Giovanna Bucci , Tushar Swamy , W. Craig Carter , Morad Behandish

Solid state batteries have emerged as a potential next-generation energy storage device due to safety and energy density advantages. Development of electrolyte is one of the most important topics in solid state batteries. Electrochemical…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-10-04 Changyu Deng , Wei Lu

We resolve issues that have plagued reliable prediction of relative phase stability for solid-solutions and compounds. Due to its commercially important phase diagram, we showcase Al-Li system because historically density-functional theory…

Materials Science · Physics 2013-12-25 Aftab Alam , D. D. Johnson

A deeper understanding of the cathode electrolyte interphase (CEI) formation mechanism is essential to elucidate battery degradation. Here, we combine Liquid Electrochemical Transmission Electron Microscopy (ec-TEM) with Gas…

The solid electrolyte interphase SEI critically dictates the cyclability and Coulombic efficiency of sodium-metal batteries, yet its dynamic formation mechanisms and atomic-scale evolution during electrochemical cycling remain elusive due…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-04-09 Zhoulin Liu , Ziliang Wang , Zherui Chen , Jianchun Sha , Fengzijun Pan , Pingyang Zhang , Yinghe Zhang

The formation and stability of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) play a central role in determining the long-term performance and safety of modern electrochemical energy storage systems. Despite decades of research, the SEI's…

Understanding electrochemical phenomena at complex liquid solid interfaces requires linking real time structural dynamics with atomic scale interfacial chemistry. Here, we integrate operando synchrotron X-ray fluorescence and diffraction…

Mixed ionic-electronic conductors (MIECs) exhibit both high ionic and electronic conductivity to improve the battery performance. In this work, we investigate the mechanism and stability of transport channels in our recently developed MIEC…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-05-29 Selva Chandrasekaran Selvaraj , Daiwei Wang , Donghai Wang , Anh T. Ngo

Passivating lithium ion battery electrode surfaces to prevent electrolyte decomposition is critical for battery operations. Recent work on conformal atomic layer deposition (ALD) coating of anodes and cathodes has shown significant…

The development of next-generation electrochemical energy storage requires devices that combine the high energy density of batteries with the power capability and long cycle life of supercapacitors. However, the interfacial phenomena…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2025-12-01 Mehedi Hasan , Ishtiaq Murshed , Khayrul Islam , A. K. M. Masud

Li+ transport within a solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) in lithium ion batteries has challenged molecular dynamics (MD) studies due to limited compositional control of that layer. In recent years, experiments and ab initio simulations…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2018-01-29 Ajay Muralidharan , Mangesh I. Chaudhari , Lawrence R. Pratt , Susan B. Rempe

Battery interfaces critically influence lithium-metal battery performance through their role in ion diffusion and dendrite formation. However, structural characterization of these interfaces has remained challenging due to limitations in…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-05-08 Hyeongjun Koh , Eric Detsi , Eric A. Stach

Nanostructured electrodes with voids or interconnected pores accommodate large volume changes, shorten ion diffusion pathways, and enhance the structural reversibility of alloying electrodes. While these nanoporous features improve the…

We introduce an interpretable deep learning framework that predicts the cohesive energy of transition-metal alloys (TMAs) by embedding cohesion theory within graph neural networks (GNNs). Beyond accurate prediction of cohesive energy, a key…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-09-11 Yang Huang , Shih-Han Wang , Shuyi Cao , Luke E. K. Achenie , Hongliang Xin

The decomposition of ethylene carbonate (EC) during the initial growth of solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) films at the solvent-graphitic anode interface is critical to lithium ion battery operations. Ab initio molecular dynamics…

Materials Science · Physics 2017-04-05 Kevin Leung , Joanne Budzien

Water-in-Salt-Electrolytes (WiSEs) are a promising class of next-generation electrolytes. Unlike classical dilute electrolytes or more conventional battery electrolytes, WiSEs are characterised by their super-concentrated salt concentration…