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The increasing adoption of Large Language Models (LLMs) in cloud environments raises critical security concerns, particularly regarding model confidentiality and data privacy. Confidential computing, enabled by Trusted Execution…

Performance · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Ben Dong , Qian Wang

Trusted Platform Module (TPM) serves as a hardware-based root of trust that protects cryptographic keys from privileged system and physical adversaries. In this work, we perform a black-box timing analysis of TPM 2.0 devices deployed on…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-11-14 Daniel Moghimi , Berk Sunar , Thomas Eisenbarth , Nadia Heninger

The Android middleware, in particular the so-called systemserver, is a crucial and central component to Android's security and robustness. To understand whether the systemserver provides the demanded security properties, it has to be…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-10-13 Oliver Schranz , Sebastian Weisgerber , Erik Derr , Michael Backes , Sven Bugiel

This paper reviews Trustworthy Artificial Intelligence (TAI) and its various definitions. Considering the principles respected in any society, TAI is often characterized by a few attributes, some of which have led to confusion in regulatory…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Mohamad M Nasr-Azadani , Jean-Luc Chatelain

Agents for computer use (ACUs) are an emerging class of systems capable of executing complex tasks on digital devices -- such as desktops, mobile phones, and web platforms -- given instructions in natural language. These agents can automate…

Large-scale pre-training frameworks like CLIP have revolutionized multimodal learning, but their reliance on web-scraped datasets, frequently containing private user data, raises serious concerns about misuse. Unlearnable Examples (UEs)…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Xingjun Ma , Hanxun Huang , Tianwei Song , Ye Sun , Yifeng Gao , Yu-Gang Jiang

Task-based execution frameworks, such as parallel programming libraries, computational workflow systems, and function-as-a-service platforms, enable the composition of distinct tasks into a single, unified application designed to achieve a…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-08-15 J. Gregory Pauloski , Valerie Hayot-Sasson , Maxime Gonthier , Nathaniel Hudson , Haochen Pan , Sicheng Zhou , Ian Foster , Kyle Chard

Accurately measuring time passing is critical for many applications. However, in Trusted Execution Environments (TEEs) such as Intel SGX, the time source is outside the Trusted Computing Base: a malicious host can manipulate the TEE's…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Matthieu Bettinger , Sonia Ben Mokhtar , Pascal Felber , Etienne Rivière , Valerio Schiavoni , Anthony Simonet-Boulogne

Trusted Platform Modules constitute an integral building block of modern security features. Moreover, as Windows 11 made a TPM 2.0 mandatory, they are subject to an ever-increasing academic challenge. While discrete TPMs - as found in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-05-03 Hans Niklas Jacob , Christian Werling , Robert Buhren , Jean-Pierre Seifert

Confidential Computing has emerged to address data security challenges in cloud-centric deployments by protecting data in use through hardware-level isolation. However, reliance on a single hardware root of trust (RoT) limits user…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-13 Ketong Shang , Jiangnan Lin , Yu Qin , Muyan Shen , Hongzhan Ma , Wei Feng , Dengguo Feng

Commercial Large Language Model (LLM) APIs create a fundamental trust problem: users pay for specific models but have no guarantee that providers deliver them faithfully. Providers may covertly substitute cheaper alternatives (e.g.,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Will Cai , Tianneng Shi , Xuandong Zhao , Dawn Song

The emergence of autonomous, high-velocity Agentic AI systems is creating an internal assurance scalability crisis. Point-in-time, document-based audits cannot keep pace with non deterministic behaviour and distributed deployments of agents…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Guy Lupo , Bao Quoc Vo , Natania Locke

Trusted Execution Environments (TEEs) have been proposed as a solution to protect code confidentiality in scenarios where computation is outsourced to an untrusted operator. We study the resilience of such solutions to side-channel attacks…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-12-16 Ivan Puddu , Moritz Schneider , Daniele Lain , Stefano Boschetto , Srdjan Čapkun

Recent advances in Language Model (LM) agents and tool use, exemplified by applications like ChatGPT Plugins, enable a rich set of capabilities but also amplify potential risks - such as leaking private data or causing financial losses.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-20 Yangjun Ruan , Honghua Dong , Andrew Wang , Silviu Pitis , Yongchao Zhou , Jimmy Ba , Yann Dubois , Chris J. Maddison , Tatsunori Hashimoto

Security is one of the main challenges of the Internet of Things (IoT). IoT devices are mainly powered by low-cost microcontrollers (MCUs) that typically lack basic hardware security mechanisms to separate security-critical applications…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-02-17 Daniel Oliveira , Tiago Gomes , Sandro Pinto

We present CloudEmu, a trace-driven, cloud-native cellular-emulation testbed for vehicle video uplink communication. Reliable, low-latency video uplink over cellular networks is essential for remote monitoring of autonomous vehicles.…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Takashi Torii , Soto Anno , Masaki Okada , Takuma Tsubaki , Nobuhiro Azuma , Takuya Tojo

Programmable logic controllers (PLCs) are crucial devices for implementing automated control in various industrial control systems (ICS), such as smart power grids, water treatment systems, manufacturing, and transportation systems. Owing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-11 Zhiang Li , Daisuke Mashima , Wen Shei Ong , Ertem Esiner , Zbigniew Kalbarczyk , Ee-Chien Chang

The Trusted Platform Module (TPM) version 2.0 provides a two-phase key exchange primitive which can be used to implement three widely-standardized authenticated key exchange protocols: the Full Unified Model, the Full MQV, and the SM2 key…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-07-07 Qianying Zhang , Shijun Zhao

Rogue base stations are an effective attack vector. Cellular basebands represent a critical part of the smartphone's security: they parse large amounts of data even before authentication. They can, therefore, grant an attacker a very…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-05-19 Dominik Maier , Lukas Seidel , Shinjo Park

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into safety-critical systems introduces a new reliability paradigm: silent failures, where AI produces confident but incorrect outputs that can be dangerous. This paper introduces the Formal…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Guan-Yan Yang , Farn Wang