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As a class of generative artificial intelligence frameworks inspired by statistical physics, diffusion models have shown extraordinary performance in synthesizing complicated data distributions through a denoising process gradually guided…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Fangjun Hu , Guangkuo Liu , Yifan F. Zhang , Xun Gao

Diffusion models are a class of generative models that serve to establish a stochastic transport map between an empirically observed, yet unknown, target distribution and a known prior. Despite their remarkable success in real-world…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-13 Puheng Li , Zhong Li , Huishuai Zhang , Jiang Bian

Isotropic Gaussian random fields on the sphere are characterized by Karhunen-Lo\`{e}ve expansions with respect to the spherical harmonic functions and the angular power spectrum. The smoothness of the covariance is connected to the decay of…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-10-26 Annika Lang , Christoph Schwab

Diffusion models have attracted a lot of attention in recent years. These models view speech generation as a continuous-time process. For efficient training, this process is typically restricted to additive Gaussian noising, which is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Xiaozhou Tan , Minghui Zhao , Anton Ragni

Denoising diffusion models have proven to be a flexible and effective paradigm for generative modelling. Their recent extension to infinite dimensional Euclidean spaces has allowed for the modelling of stochastic processes. However, many…

Diffusion models have been widely used in time series and spatio-temporal data, enhancing generative, inferential, and downstream capabilities. These models are applied across diverse fields such as healthcare, recommendation, climate,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Yiyuan Yang , Ming Jin , Haomin Wen , Chaoli Zhang , Yuxuan Liang , Lintao Ma , Yi Wang , Chenghao Liu , Bin Yang , Zenglin Xu , Shirui Pan , Qingsong Wen

Diffusion models have emerged as a powerful framework for generative tasks in deep learning. They decompose generative modeling into two computational primitives: deterministic neural-network evaluation and stochastic sampling. Current…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Nihal Sanjay Singh , Mazdak Mohseni-Rajaee , Shaila Niazi , Kerem Y. Camsari

Diffusion Models (DMs) are powerful generative models that add Gaussian noise to the data and learn to remove it. We wanted to determine which noise distribution (Gaussian or non-Gaussian) led to better generated data in DMs. Since DMs do…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-13 Alexia Jolicoeur-Martineau , Kilian Fatras , Ke Li , Tal Kachman

Modeling turbulent flows by a random Fourier decomposition is a classical procedure in order to use simplified models of turbulence in heat transport and other applications. We carefully investigate the Fourier time series of…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2026-05-14 Paolo Cifani , Franco Flandoli , Andrea Zanoni

Denoising diffusion models, a class of generative models, have garnered immense interest lately in various deep-learning problems. A diffusion probabilistic model defines a forward diffusion stage where the input data is gradually perturbed…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-06 Amirhossein Kazerouni , Ehsan Khodapanah Aghdam , Moein Heidari , Reza Azad , Mohsen Fayyaz , Ilker Hacihaliloglu , Dorit Merhof

A resolution-independent data-driven stochastic parametrization method for subgrid-scale processes in coarsened fluid descriptions is proposed. The method enables the inclusion of high-fidelity data into the coarsened flow model, thereby…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-04-26 Sagy Ephrati , Paolo Cifani , Milo Viviani , Bernard Geurts

Diffusion Models generate data by reversing a stochastic diffusion process, progressively transforming noise into structured samples drawn from a target distribution. Recent theoretical work has shown that this backward dynamics can undergo…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Beatrice Achilli , Marco Benedetti , Giulio Biroli , Marc Mézard

Score-based diffusion models generate new samples by learning the score function associated with a diffusion process. While the effectiveness of these models can be theoretically explained using differential equations related to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Doheon Kim

Recently, score-based generative models have been successfully employed for the task of speech enhancement. A stochastic differential equation is used to model the iterative forward process, where at each step environmental noise and white…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-31 Bunlong Lay , Simon Welker , Julius Richter , Timo Gerkmann

Diffusion Probabilistic Models (DPMs) are powerful generative models that have achieved unparalleled success in a number of generative tasks. In this work, we aim to build inductive biases into the training and sampling of diffusion models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-14 Thomas Jiralerspong , Berton Earnshaw , Jason Hartford , Yoshua Bengio , Luca Scimeca

A discrete-time end-to-end fiber-optical channel model is derived based on the first-order perturbation approach. The model relates the discrete-time input symbol sequences of co-propagating wavelength channels to the received symbol…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-18 Felix Frey , Johannes K. Fischer , Robert F. H. Fischer

Diffusion models have risen to prominence in time series forecasting, showcasing their robust capability to model complex data distributions. However, their effectiveness in deterministic predictions is often constrained by instability…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-08 Hao Yang , Zhanbo Feng , Feng Zhou , Robert C Qiu , Zenan Ling

Diffusion models are a new class of generative models that have shown outstanding performance in image generation literature. As a consequence, studies have attempted to apply diffusion models to other tasks, such as speech enhancement. A…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-10 Philippe Gonzalez , Zheng-Hua Tan , Jan Østergaard , Jesper Jensen , Tommy Sonne Alstrøm , Tobias May

Diffusion generative models transform noise into data by inverting a process that progressively adds noise to data samples. Inspired by concepts from the renormalization group in physics, which analyzes systems across different scales, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Mathis Gerdes , Max Welling , Miranda C. N. Cheng

We study score-based diffusion modelling in infinite-dimensional separable Hilbert spaces through Malliavin calculus, extending the analysis of generative models beyond the finite-dimensional setting. The forward diffusion process is…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-03-30 Ehsan Mirafzali , Frank Proske , Daniele Venturi , Razvan Marinescu