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Brachytherapy involves bringing a radioactive source near tumor tissue using implanted needles. Image-guided brachytherapy planning requires amongst others, the reconstruction of the needles. Manually annotating these needles on patient…

Prostate biopsy and image-guided treatment procedures are often performed under the guidance of ultrasound fused with magnetic resonance images (MRI). Accurate image fusion relies on accurate segmentation of the prostate on ultrasound…

Segmentation is one of the most important tasks in the medical imaging pipeline as it influences a number of image-based decisions. To be effective, fully supervised segmentation approaches require large amounts of manually annotated…

We tackle the challenging problem of single-source domain generalization (DG) for medical image segmentation, where we train a network on one domain (e.g., CT) and directly apply it to a different domain (e.g., MR) without adapting the…

Despite deep convolutional neural networks achieved impressive progress in medical image computing and analysis, its paradigm of supervised learning demands a large number of annotations for training to avoid overfitting and achieving…

Automatic segmentation of medical images with DL algorithms has proven to be highly successful. With most of these algorithms, inter-observer variation is an acknowledged problem, leading to sub-optimal results. This problem is even more…

This paper presents a solution to the cross-domain adaptation problem for 2D surgical image segmentation, explicitly considering the privacy protection of distributed datasets belonging to different centers. Deep learning architectures in…

The success of large language models has inspired the computer vision community to explore image segmentation foundation model that is able to zero/few-shot generalize through prompt engineering. Segment-Anything(SAM), among others, is the…

Minimization of distribution matching losses is a principled approach to domain adaptation in the context of image classification. However, it is largely overlooked in adapting segmentation networks, which is currently dominated by…

Purpose: Translating foundation models into clinical practice requires evaluating their performance under compound distribution shift, where severe class imbalance coexists with heterogeneous imaging appearances. This challenge is relevant…

Accurate detection and segmentation of gastrointestinal bleeding are critical for diagnosing diseases such as peptic ulcers and colorectal cancer. This study proposes a two-stage framework that decouples classification and grounding to…

Deep learning-based computer-aided diagnosis is gradually deployed to review and analyze medical images. However, this paradigm is restricted in real-world clinical applications due to the poor robustness and generalization. The issue is…

Fully supervised deep models have shown promising performance for many medical segmentation tasks. Still, the deployment of these tools in clinics is limited by the very timeconsuming collection of manually expert-annotated data. Moreover,…

Self-supervised pre-training of deep learning models with contrastive learning is a widely used technique in image analysis. Current findings indicate a strong potential for contrastive pre-training on medical images. However, further…

The clinical deployment of deep learning models in medical imaging is severely hindered by domain shift. This challenge, where a high-performing model fails catastrophically on external datasets, is a critical barrier to trustworthy AI.…

Imbalanced datasets pose a considerable challenge in training deep learning (DL) models for medical diagnostics, particularly for segmentation tasks. Imbalance may be associated with annotation quality limited annotated datasets, rare…

In interventional radiology, Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) is a helpful imaging modality that provides guidance to practicians during minimally invasive procedures. CBCT differs from traditional Computed Tomography (CT) due to its…

Current deep learning approaches for prostate cancer lesion segmentation achieve limited performance, with Dice scores of 0.32 or lower in large patient cohorts. To address this limitation, we investigate synthetic correlated diffusion…

Deep learning-based low-dose computed tomography reconstruction methods already achieve high performance on standard image quality metrics like peak signal-to-noise ratio and structural similarity index measure. Yet, they frequently fail to…

Deep learning semantic segmentation algorithms can localise abnormalities or opacities from chest radiographs. However, the task of collecting and annotating training data is expensive and requires expertise which remains a bottleneck for…