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Sub-seasonal weather forecasts are becoming increasingly important for a range of socio-economic activities. However, the predictive ability of physical weather models is very limited on these time scales. We propose several post-processing…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2023-06-29 Nina Horat , Sebastian Lerch

It is now well known that neural networks can be wrong with high confidence in their predictions, leading to poor calibration. The most common post-hoc approach to compensate for this is to perform temperature scaling, which adjusts the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-25 Tom Joy , Francesco Pinto , Ser-Nam Lim , Philip H. S. Torr , Puneet K. Dokania

Deep probabilistic time series forecasting has gained attention for its ability to provide nonlinear approximation and valuable uncertainty quantification for decision-making. However, existing models often oversimplify the problem by…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-10-22 Vincent Zhihao Zheng , Seongjin Choi , Lijun Sun

A reliable deep learning system should be able to accurately express its confidence with respect to its predictions, a quality known as calibration. One of the most effective ways to produce reliable confidence estimates with a pre-trained…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Thomas P. Zollo , Zhun Deng , Jake C. Snell , Toniann Pitassi , Richard Zemel

Time series encountered in practice are rarely stationary. When the data distribution changes, a forecasting model trained on past observations can lose accuracy. We study a small-footprint test-time adaptation (TTA) framework for causal…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2026-02-03 Yurui Wu , Qingying Deng , Wonou Chung , Mairui Li

Seamless forecasts are based on a combination of different sources to produce the best possible forecasts. Statistical multimodel postprocessing helps to combine various sources to achieve these seamless forecasts. However, when one of the…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-10-17 Markus Dabernig , Aitor Atencia

Deep Neural Networks have spearheaded remarkable advancements in time series forecasting (TSF), one of the major tasks in time series modeling. Nonetheless, the non-stationarity of time series undermines the reliability of pre-trained…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-10 HyunGi Kim , Siwon Kim , Jisoo Mok , Sungroh Yoon

Self-supervised learning has been actively studied in time series domain recently, especially for masked reconstruction. Most of these methods follow the "Pre-training + Fine-tuning" paradigm in which a new decoder replaces the pre-trained…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-08 Hao Liu , Jinrui Gan , Xiaoxuan Fan , Yi Zhang , Chuanxian Luo , Jing Zhang , Guangxin Jiang , Yucheng Qian , Changwei Zhao , Huan Ma , Zhenyu Guo

Conformal prediction is a powerful post-hoc framework for uncertainty quantification that provides distribution-free coverage guarantees. However, these guarantees crucially rely on the assumption of exchangeability. This assumption is…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-11-18 M. Stocker , W. Małgorzewicz , M. Fontana , S. Ben Taieb

Predicting high-fidelity future human poses, from a historically observed sequence, is decisive for intelligent robots to interact with humans. Deep end-to-end learning approaches, which typically train a generic pre-trained model on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-14 Qiongjie Cui , Huaijiang Sun , Jianfeng Lu , Bin Li , Weiqing Li

Time series forecasting serves as an essential tool for many real-world applications, supporting tasks such as resource optimization and decision-making. Despite significant architectural advancements, most modern models still treat…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Sheng Pan , Ming Jin , Bo Du , Shirui Pan

We introduce a neural network conformal prediction method for time series that enhances adaptivity in non-stationary environments. Our approach acts as a neural controller designed to achieve desired target coverage, leveraging auxiliary…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-25 Ruipu Li , Alexander Rodríguez

Time series forecasting plays a vital role in various real-world applications and has attracted significant attention in recent decades. While recent methods have achieved remarkable accuracy by incorporating advanced inductive biases and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Zhiding Liu , Mingyue Cheng , Guanhao Zhao , Jiqian Yang , Qi Liu , Enhong Chen

In real-world scenarios, tabular data often suffer from distribution shifts that threaten the performance of machine learning models. Despite its prevalence and importance, handling distribution shifts in the tabular domain remains…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Changhun Kim , Taewon Kim , Seungyeon Woo , June Yong Yang , Eunho Yang

Accurate time series forecasting models are often compromised by data drift, where underlying data distributions change over time, leading to significant declines in prediction performance. To address this challenge, this study proposes an…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-30 Nikhil Pawar , Guilherme Vieira Hollweg , Akhtar Hussain , Wencong Su , Van-Hai Bui

Time series forecasting always faces the challenge of concept drift, where data distributions evolve over time, leading to a decline in forecast model performance. Existing solutions are based on online learning, which continually organize…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Lifan Zhao , Yanyan Shen

Local temporal patterns in real-world time series continuously shift, rendering globally shared transformations suboptimal. Current deep forecasting models, despite their scale and complexity, rely on fixed weight matrices applied uniformly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Siru Zhong , Zhao Meng , Haohuan Fu , Haoyang Li , Qingsong Wen , Yuxuan Liang

Test-time adaptation (TTA) seeks to tackle potential distribution shifts between training and test data by adapting a given model w.r.t. any test sample. Although recent TTA has shown promising performance, we still face two key challenges:…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Mingkui Tan , Guohao Chen , Jiaxiang Wu , Yifan Zhang , Yaofo Chen , Peilin Zhao , Shuaicheng Niu

Test-time adaptation (TTA) enhances the zero-shot robustness under distribution shifts by leveraging unlabeled test data during inference. Despite notable advances, several challenges still limit its broader applicability. First, most…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Youjia Zhang , Youngeun Kim , Young-Geun Choi , Hongyeob Kim , Huiling Liu , Sungeun Hong

Test-time adaptation (TTA) has recently emerged as a promising approach for improving time series forecasting (TSF) under distribution shift. Existing TSF-TTA methods differ in how they utilize revealed targets, yet the resulting adaptation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Haochun Wang , Ruichen Xu , Georgios Kementzidis , Karen Cho , Sebastian Ramirez Villarreal , Yuefan Deng