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Competency Questions (CQs) are a cornerstone of requirement elicitation in ontology engineering. CQs represent requirements as a set of natural language questions that an ontology should satisfy; they are traditionally modelled by ontology…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Reham Alharbi , Valentina Tamma , Terry R. Payne , Jacopo de Berardinis

Recent deployments of large language models (LLMs) as autonomous trading agents raise questions about whether financial decision-making competence generalizes beyond specific market patterns and how it should be trained and evaluated in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Yuchen Pan , Soung Chang Liew

The availability of Large Language Models (LLMs) presents a unique opportunity to reinvigorate research on Knowledge Engineering (KE) automation. This trend is already evident in recent efforts developing LLM-based methods and tools for the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Anna Sofia Lippolis , Minh Davide Ragagni , Paolo Ciancarini , Andrea Giovanni Nuzzolese , Valentina Presutti

A question-answering (QA) system is to search suitable answers within a knowledge base. Current QA systems struggle with queries requiring complex reasoning or real-time knowledge integration. They are often supplemented with retrieval…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Sizhe Yuen , Ting Su , Ziyang Wang , Yali Du , Adam J. Sobey

In this paper, we introduce EconLogicQA, a rigorous benchmark designed to assess the sequential reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs) within the intricate realms of economics, business, and supply chain management.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Yinzhu Quan , Zefang Liu

The rapid rise in popularity of Large Language Models (LLMs) with emerging capabilities has spurred public curiosity to evaluate and compare different LLMs, leading many researchers to propose their own LLM benchmarks. Noticing preliminary…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Timothy R. McIntosh , Teo Susnjak , Nalin Arachchilage , Tong Liu , Paul Watters , Malka N. Halgamuge

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in natural language understanding and generation, but the quality bar for medical and clinical applications is high. Today, attempts to assess models' clinical knowledge…

Large language models (LLMs) are proficient at generating fluent text with minimal task-specific supervision. Yet, their ability to provide well-grounded rationalizations for knowledge-intensive tasks remains under-explored. Such tasks,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-02 Aditi Mishra , Sajjadur Rahman , Hannah Kim , Kushan Mitra , Estevam Hruschka

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used to answer everyday questions, yet their performance on culturally grounded and dialectal content remains uneven across languages. We propose a comprehensive method that (i) translates…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Hunzalah Hassan Bhatti , Firoj Alam

In response to the pressing need for advanced clinical problem-solving tools in healthcare, we introduce BooksMed, a novel framework based on a Large Language Model (LLM). BooksMed uniquely emulates human cognitive processes to deliver…

Clinical problem-solving requires processing of semantic medical knowledge such as illness scripts and numerical medical knowledge of diagnostic tests for evidence-based decision-making. As large language models (LLMs) show promising…

Purpose: Artificial intelligence (AI), and in particular large language models (LLMs), are increasingly being explored as tools to support life cycle assessment (LCA). While demonstrations exist across environmental and social domains,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Artur Donaldson , Bharathan Balaji , Cajetan Oriekezie , Manish Kumar , Laure Patouillard

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown significant potential for ontology engineering. However, it is still unclear to what extent they are applicable to the task of domain-specific ontology generation. In this study, we explore the…

Language Models (LMs) continue to advance, improving response quality and coherence. Given Internet-scale training datasets, LMs have likely encountered much of what users may ask them to generate in some form during their training. A…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Michael Majurski , Cynthia Matuszek

The era of large language models (LLM) raises questions not only about how to train models, but also about how to evaluate them. Despite numerous existing benchmarks, insufficient attention is often given to creating assessments that test…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved excellent performances in various tasks. However, fine-tuning an LLM requires extensive supervision. Human, on the other hand, may improve their reasoning abilities by self-thinking without…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-26 Jiaxin Huang , Shixiang Shane Gu , Le Hou , Yuexin Wu , Xuezhi Wang , Hongkun Yu , Jiawei Han

As Large Language Models (LLMs) advance, their potential for widespread societal impact grows simultaneously. Hence, rigorous LLM evaluations are both a technical necessity and social imperative. While numerous evaluation benchmarks have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Jaime Raldua Veuthey , Zainab Ali Majid , Suhas Hariharan , Jacob Haimes

We report initial work towards constructing ecologically valid benchmarks to assess the capabilities of large multimodal models for engaging in situated collaboration. In contrast to existing benchmarks, in which question-answer pairs are…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Dan Bohus , Sean Andrist , Yuwei Bao , Eric Horvitz , Ann Paradiso

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly applied to automated software testing, yet their ability to generalize beyond memorized patterns and reason about natural language bug reports remains unclear. We present a systematic evaluation…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Irtaza Sajid Qureshi , Zhen Ming , Jiang

Numerous benchmarks aim to evaluate the capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) for causal inference and reasoning. However, many of them can likely be solved through the retrieval of domain knowledge, questioning whether they achieve…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-12 Linying Yang , Vik Shirvaikar , Oscar Clivio , Fabian Falck