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Related papers: Adequately Tailoring Age Verification Regulations

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Much of the recent work developing formal methods techniques to specify or learn the behavior of autonomous systems is predicated on a belief that formal specifications are interpretable and useful for humans when checking systems. Though…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Ho Chit Siu , Kevin Leahy , Makai Mann

Our lives become increasingly dependent on safety- and security-critical systems, so formal techniques are advocated for engineering such systems. One of such techniques is validation obligations that enable formalizing requirements early…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2022-07-08 Sebastian Stock , Atif Mashkoor , Alexander Egyed

Biases in existing datasets used to train algorithmic decision rules can raise ethical and economic concerns due to the resulting disparate treatment of different groups. We propose an algorithm for sequentially debiasing such datasets…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-11 Yifan Yang , Yang Liu , Parinaz Naghizadeh

Conformance checking techniques let us find out to what degree a process model and real execution data correspond to each other. In recent years, alignments have proven extremely useful in calculating conformance statistics. Most techniques…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-12-12 Mohammadreza Fani Sani , Sebastiaan J. van Zelst , Wil M. P. van der Aalst

The tremendous excitement around the deployment of autonomous vehicles (AVs) comes from their purported promise. In addition to decreasing accidents, AVs are projected to usher in a new era of equity in human autonomy by providing…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-08-04 A. Feder Cooper , Karen Levy

Objectives: Age and gender estimation is crucial for various applications, including forensic investigations and anthropological studies. This research aims to develop a predictive system for age and gender estimation in living individuals,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-14 Mohsin Ali , Haider Raza , John Q Gan , Ariel Pokhojaev , Matanel Katz , Esra Kosan , Dian Agustin Wahjuningrum , Omnina Saleh , Rachel Sarig , Akhilanada Chaurasia

Living systems are subject to the arrow of time; from birth, they undergo complex transformations (self-organization) in a constant battle for survival, but inevitably ageing and disease trap them to death. Can ageing be understood and…

Other Quantitative Biology · Quantitative Biology 2020-08-21 Tamàs Fülöp , Mathieu Desroches , Fernando Antônio Nóbrega Santos , Serafim Rodrigues

The prediction of age is a challenging task with various practical applications in high-impact fields like the healthcare domain or criminology. Despite the growing number of models and their increasing performance, we still know little…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-14 Mikolaj Spytek , Weronika Hryniewska-Guzik , Jaroslaw Zygierewicz , Jacek Rogala , Przemyslaw Biecek

Zero Trust is a new security vision for 6G networks that emphasises the philosophy of never trust and always verify. However, there is a fundamental trade-off between the wireless transmission efficiency and the trust level, which is…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-05 Yuquan Xiao , Qinghe Du , Wenchi Cheng , Panagiotis D. Diamantoulakis , George K. Karagiannidis

Recent research increasingly brings to question the appropriateness of using predictive tools in complex, real-world tasks. While a growing body of work has explored ways to improve value alignment in these tools, comparatively less work…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-15 Amanda Coston , Anna Kawakami , Haiyi Zhu , Ken Holstein , Hoda Heidari

Conformal prediction is a popular framework of uncertainty quantification that constructs prediction sets with coverage guarantees. To uphold the exchangeability assumption, many conformal prediction methods necessitate an additional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Hao Zeng , Kangdao Liu , Bingyi Jing , Hongxin Wei

Indirect standardization is widely used in disease mapping to control for confounding, but relies on restrictive assumptions that may bias estimates if violated. Using data on suicide-related emergency calls, this study highlights such…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-07-17 J. Martín-Pozuelo , A. López-Quílez , X. Barber , M. Marco

Legal properties involve reasoning about data values and time. Metric first-order temporal logic (MFOTL) provides a rich formalism for specifying legal properties. While MFOTL has been successfully used for verifying legal properties over…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Nick Feng , Lina Marsso , Mehrdad Sabetzadeh , Marsha Chechik

Accurate estimation of predictive uncertainty (model calibration) is essential for the safe application of neural networks. Many instances of miscalibration in modern neural networks have been reported, suggesting a trend that newer, more…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-27 Matthias Minderer , Josip Djolonga , Rob Romijnders , Frances Hubis , Xiaohua Zhai , Neil Houlsby , Dustin Tran , Mario Lucic

Modern language model deployments must often balance competing objectives, for example, helpfulness versus harmlessness, cost versus accuracy, and reward versus safety. We introduce Conformal Arbitrage, a post hoc framework that learns a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-03 William Overman , Mohsen Bayati

Contestability -- the ability to effectively challenge a decision -- is critical to the implementation of fairness. In the context of governmental decision making about individuals, contestability is often constitutionally required as an…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Susan Landau , James X. Dempsey , Ece Kamar , Steven M. Bellovin

Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems are increasingly placed in positions where their decisions have real consequences, e.g., moderating online spaces, conducting research, and advising on policy. Ensuring they operate in a safe and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-09 Joel Z. Leibo , Alexander Sasha Vezhnevets , William A. Cunningham , Sébastien Krier , Manfred Diaz , Simon Osindero

As language models are increasingly deployed as autonomous agents in high-stakes settings, ensuring that they reliably follow user-defined rules has become a critical safety concern. To this end, we study whether language models exhibit…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Dylan Sam , Alexander Robey , Andy Zou , Matt Fredrikson , J. Zico Kolter

Verification and validation of agentic behavior have been suggested as important research priorities in efforts to reduce risks associated with the creation of general artificial intelligence (Russell et al 2015). In this paper we question…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-10-12 David J. Jilk

Risk thresholds provide a measure of the level of risk exposure that a society or individual is willing to withstand, ultimately shaping how we determine the safety of technological systems. Against the backdrop of the Cold War, the first…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Heidy Khlaaf , Sarah Myers West