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New observational facilities are probing astrophysical transients such as stellar explosions and gravitational wave (GW) sources at ever increasing redshifts, while also revealing new features in source property distributions. To interpret…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-05-24 L. A. C. van Son , S. E. de Mink , M. Chruslinska , C. Conroy , R. Pakmor , L. Hernquist

We explore the connection between the gravitational wave (GW) merger rates of stellar-mass binary black holes (BBH) and galaxy properties. We do this by generating populations of stars using the binary population synthesis code COMPAS and…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-06-28 Liana Rauf , Cullan Howlett , Tamara M. Davis , Claudia D. P. Lagos

As the number of gravitational-wave detections grows, the merger rate of binary black holes (BBHs) can help us to constrain their formation, the properties of their progenitors, and their birth environment. Here, we aim to address the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-06-24 Cecilia Sgalletta , Michela Mapelli , Lumen Boco , Filippo Santoliquido , M. Celeste Artale , Giuliano Iorio , Andrea Lapi , Mario Spera

The detection of over a hundred gravitational wave signals from double compacts objects have confirmed the existence of such binaries with tight orbits. Two main formation channels are generally considered to explain the formation of these…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-09-24 Tristan Bruel , Astrid Lamberts , Carl L. Rodriguez , Robert Feldmann , Michael Y. Grudic , Jorge Moreno

Gravitational wave detectors are observing an increasing number of binary black hole (BBH) mergers, revealing a bimodal mass distribution of BBHs, which hints at diverse formation histories for these systems. Using the rapid binary…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-10-10 Lei Li , Guoliang Lv , Chunhua Zhu , Sufen Guo , Hongwei Ge , Weimin Gu , Zhuowen Li , Xiaolong He

Making the most of the rapidly increasing population of gravitational-wave detections of black hole (BH) and neutron star (NS) mergers requires comparing observations with population synthesis predictions. In this work we investigate the…

Gravitational-wave detectors are now making it possible to investigate how the merger rate of binary black holes (BBHs) evolves with redshift. In this study, we examine whether the BBH merger rate of isolated binaries deviates from a scaled…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-05-06 Adam Boesky , Floor S. Broekgaarden , Edo Berger

The growing number of binary black hole mergers detected through gravitational waves offers unprecedented insight into their underlying population, yet their astrophysical formation channels remain unresolved. We present a new method to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-10-23 William J. Smith , Krystal Ruiz-Rocha , Kelly Holley-Bockelmann , Michela Mapelli , Karan Jani

I investigate the roles of cluster dynamics and massive binary evolution in producing stellar-remnant binary black hole (BBH) mergers over the cosmic time. To that end, dynamical BBH mergers are obtained from long-term direct N-body…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-01-19 Sambaran Banerjee

The population of black holes observed via gravitational waves currently covers the local universe up to a redshift $z\lesssim 1$, for the most massive merging binaries, or $z\lesssim 0.25$ for low-mass BH binaries (BBH). Evolution of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-10-16 Jam Sadiq , Thomas Dent , Ana Lorenzo-Medina

The connection between the binary black hole (BBH) mergers observed by LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA (LVK) and their stellar progenitors remains uncertain. Specifically, the fraction $\epsilon$ of stellar mass that ends up in BBH mergers and the delay…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-03-27 Aryanna Schiebelbein-Zwack , Maya Fishbach

Rapid binary population synthesis codes are often used to investigate the evolution of compact-object binaries. They typically rely on analytical fits of single-star evolutionary tracks and parameterized models for interactive phases of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-12-08 Monica Gallegos-Garcia , Christopher P L Berry , Pablo Marchant , Vicky Kalogera

Rapidly growing catalogs of compact binary mergers from advanced gravitational-wave detectors allow us to explore the astrophysics of massive stellar binaries. Merger observations can constrain the uncertain parameters that describe the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-06-28 Jeff Riley , Ilya Mandel

Massive black hole (MBH) coalescences are powerful sources of low-frequency gravitational waves. To study these events in the cosmological context we need to trace the large-scale structure and cosmic evolution of a statistical population…

Supermassive black holes (SMBHs) can grow through both accretion and mergers. It is still unclear how SMBHs evolve under these two channels from high redshifts to the SMBH population we observe in the local universe. Observations can…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-09-26 Fan Zou , W. N. Brandt , Elena Gallo , Bin Luo , Qingling Ni , Yongquan Xue , Zhibo Yu

The next generation ground-based gravitational wave interferometers will possibly observe mergers of binary black holes (BBHs) and binary neutron stars (BNSs) to redshift $z\gtrsim{}10$ and $z\gtrsim{}2$, respectively. Here, we characterize…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-05-08 Michela Mapelli , Nicola Giacobbo , Filippo Santoliquido , M. Celeste Artale

The properties of the population of merging binary black holes encode some of the uncertain physics of the evolution of massive stars in binaries. The binary black hole merger rate and chirp mass distribution are being measured by…

Binaries that merge within the local Universe originate from progenitor systems that formed at different times and in various environments. The efficiency of formation of double compact objects is highly sensitive to metallicity of the star…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-11-28 Martyna Chruslinska , Gijs Nelemans , Krzysztof Belczynski

The growing population of binary black holes (BBHs) observed by gravitational wave detectors is a potential Rosetta stone for understanding their formation channels. Here, we use an upgraded version of our semi-analytic codes {\sc…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-03-02 Michela Mapelli , Yann Bouffanais , Filippo Santoliquido , Manuel Arca Sedda , M. Celeste Artale

Population III (Pop. III) binary stars likely produced the first stellar-born binary black hole (BBH) mergers in the Universe. Here, we quantify the main sources of uncertainty for the merger rate density evolution and mass spectrum of Pop.…

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