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Latent neural stochastic differential equations (SDEs) have recently emerged as a promising approach for learning generative models from stochastic time series data. However, they systematically underestimate the noise level inherent in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Linus Heck , Maximilian Gelbrecht , Michael T. Schaub , Niklas Boers

Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) are central to modeling complex systems across physical, biological, and engineering domains, yet traditional numerical methods often struggle with high-dimensional or complex problems. Physics-Informed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Chenggong Zhang

We present a novel model Graph Neural Stochastic Differential Equations (Graph Neural SDEs). This technique enhances the Graph Neural Ordinary Differential Equations (Graph Neural ODEs) by embedding randomness into data representation using…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-25 Richard Bergna , Felix Opolka , Pietro Liò , Jose Miguel Hernandez-Lobato

We present a new parallel computational framework for the efficient solution of a class of $L^2$/$L^1$-regularized optimal control problems governed by semi-linear elliptic partial differential equations (PDEs). The main difficulty in…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-08-20 Gabriele Ciaramella , Michael Kartmann , Georg Müller

Deepening and widening convolutional neural networks (CNNs) significantly increases the number of trainable weight parameters by adding more convolutional layers and feature maps per layer, respectively. By imposing inter- and intra-group…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-12-18 Kevin Bui , Fredrick Park , Shuai Zhang , Yingyong Qi , Jack Xin

In this paper we establish a connection between non-convex optimization methods for training deep neural networks and nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs). Relaxation techniques arising in statistical physics which have already…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-06-05 Pratik Chaudhari , Adam Oberman , Stanley Osher , Stefano Soatto , Guillaume Carlier

Soft- and hard-constrained Physics Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) have achieved great success in solving partial differential equations (PDEs). However, these methods still face great challenges when solving the Navier-Stokes equations…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-11-14 Chuyu Zhou , Tianyu Li , Chenxi Lan , Rongyu Du , Guoguo Xin , Pengyu Nan , Hangzhou Yang , Guoqing Wang , Xun Liu , Wei Li

There has been a growing number of machine learning methods for approximately solving the travelling salesman problem. However, these methods often require solved instances for training or use complex reinforcement learning approaches that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-28 Elīza Gaile , Andis Draguns , Emīls Ozoliņš , Kārlis Freivalds

Preconditioned Krylov subspace (KSP) methods are widely used for solving large-scale sparse linear systems arising from numerical solutions of partial differential equations (PDEs). These linear systems are often nonsymmetric due to the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2018-09-05 Aditi Ghai , Cao Lu , Xiangmin Jiao

We present a subspace method based on neural networks (SNN) for solving the partial differential equation with high accuracy. The basic idea of our method is to use some functions based on neural networks as base functions to span a…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-04-15 Zhaodong Xu , Zhiqiang Sheng

Motivated by recent research on Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs), we make the first attempt to introduce the PINNs for numerical simulation of the elliptic Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) on 3D manifolds. PINNs are one of the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-03-05 Zhuochao Tang , Zhuojia Fu

Nonlinear Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) are ubiquitous in mathematical physics and engineering. Although Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) have emerged as a powerful tool for solving PDE problems, they typically struggle to…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-04-02 Sean Disarò , Ruma Rani Maity , Aras Bacho

In this paper, we investigate the use of single hidden-layer neural networks as a family of ansatz functions for the resolution of partial differential equations (PDEs). In particular, we train the network via Extreme Learning Machines…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-06-30 Davide Elia De Falco , Enrico Schiassi , Francesco Calabrò

Neural fields (NeFs) have recently emerged as a state-of-the-art method for encoding spatio-temporal signals of various modalities. Despite the success of NeFs in reconstructing individual signals, their use as representations in downstream…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-13 Miltiadis Kofinas , Samuele Papa , Efstratios Gavves

Using neural networks to solve partial differential equations (PDEs) is gaining popularity as an alternative approach in the scientific computing community. Neural networks can integrate different types of information into the loss…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Zhiwei Wang , Lulu Zhang , Zhongwang Zhang , Zhi-Qin John Xu

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have become the standard learning architectures for graphs. GNNs have been applied to numerous domains ranging from quantum chemistry, recommender systems to knowledge graphs and natural language processing. A…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-11 Vijay Prakash Dwivedi , Anh Tuan Luu , Thomas Laurent , Yoshua Bengio , Xavier Bresson

Recent work has introduced a simple numerical method for solving partial differential equations (PDEs) with deep neural networks (DNNs). This paper reviews and extends the method while applying it to analyze one of the most fundamental…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-14 Craig Michoski , Milos Milosavljevic , Todd Oliver , David Hatch

Graph-based semi-supervised learning (GSSL) has been used successfully in various applications. Existing methods leverage the graph structure and labeled samples for classification. Label Propagation (LP) and Graph Neural Networks (GNNs)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Yuanhang Shao , Xiuwen Liu

Neural networks often struggle with high-dimensional but small sample-size tabular datasets. One reason is that current weight initialisation methods assume independence between weights, which can be problematic when there are insufficient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Andrei Margeloiu , Nikola Simidjievski , Pietro Lio , Mateja Jamnik

Partial differential equations (PDEs) are a model candidate for soft sensors in industrial processes with spatiotemporal dependence. Although physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) are a promising machine learning method for solving PDEs,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-12 Aina Wang , Pan Qin , Xi-Ming Sun
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