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Related papers: How do Agents Refactor: An Empirical Study

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Test smells are known as bad development practices that reflect poor design and implementation choices in software tests. Over the last decade, test smells were heavily studied to measure their prevalence and impacts on test…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-11-04 Renaud Rwemalika , Sarra Habchi , Mike Papadakis , Yves Le Traon , Marie-Claude Brasseur

Although coding agents have introduced new coordination dynamics in collaborative software development, detailed interactions in practice remain underexplored, especially for the code review process. In this study, we mine agent-authored PR…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Islem Khemissi , Moataz Chouchen , Dong Wang , Raula Gaikovina Kula

While most forks on platforms like GitHub are short-lived and used for social collaboration, a smaller but impactful subset evolve into long-lived forks, referred to here as variants, that maintain independent development trajectories.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Daniel Ogenrwot , John Businge

The arrival of large language models (LLMs) capable of multi-step reasoning, tool use, and long-horizon planning has produced a qualitative shift in software engineering. Where earlier code-completion tools such as GitHub Copilot operated…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Happy Bhati

In modern software engineering, build systems play the crucial role of facilitating the conversion of source code into software artifacts. Recent research has explored high-level causes of build failures, but has largely overlooked the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Anwar Ghammam , Dhia Elhaq Rzig , Mohamed Almukhtar , Rania Khalsi , Foyzul Hassan , Marouane Kessentini

Developers often extract methods to improve readability, understanding, and reuse, while inlining keeps logic in one block. Prior work based on static metrics has not shown clear differences between these practices, and the human side of…

AI coding agents are now submitting pull requests (PRs) to software projects, acting not just as assistants but as autonomous contributors. As these agentic contributions are rapidly increasing across real repositories, little is known…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Ramtin Ehsani , Sakshi Pathak , Shriya Rawal , Abdullah Al Mujahid , Mia Mohammad Imran , Preetha Chatterjee

AI coding agents increasingly submit pull requests (Agentic-PRs) to open-source repositories, yet their performance is commonly assessed using merge and rejection outcomes alone. We hypothesized that these outcome labels do not reliably…

One single code change can significantly influence a wide range of software systems and their users. For example, 1) adding a new feature can spread defects in several modules, while 2) changing an API method can improve the performance of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2016-06-13 Daoyuan Li , Li Li , Dongsun Kim , Tegawendé F. Bissyandé , David Lo , Yves Le Traon

Modern software systems require code that is not only functional but also maintainable and well-structured. Although Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used to automate software development, most studies focus on isolated,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Wasique Islam Shafin , Md Nakhla Rafi , Zhenhao Li , Tse-Hsun Chen

Creating functions is at the center of writing computer programs. But there has been little empirical research on how this is done and what are the considerations that developers use. We design an experiment in which we can compare the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-09-05 Alexey Braver , Dror G. Feitelson

Automated source code refactoring, particularly extract method refactoring, is a crucial and frequently employed technique during software development. Despite its importance and frequent use by practitioners, current automated techniques…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-12-25 Indranil Palit , Tushar Sharma

The rapid adoption of large language models has led to the emergence of AI coding agents that autonomously create pull requests on GitHub. However, how these agents differ in their pull request description characteristics, and how human…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Kan Watanabe , Rikuto Tsuchida , Takahiro Monno , Bin Huang , Kazuma Yamasaki , Youmei Fan , Kazumasa Shimari , Kenichi Matsumoto

Continuous Integration and Deployment (CI/CD) workflows are central to modern software delivery, yet the reliability of agentic AI bots operating within these workflows remain underexplored. Using pull requests (PRs), commits, and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Syed Muhammad Ashhar Shah , Sehrish Habib , Muizz Hussain , Maryam Abdul Ghafoor , Abdul Ali Bangash

AI coding agents such as Codex and Claude Code are increasingly used to autonomously contribute to software repositories. However, little is known about how repository-level configuration artifacts affect operational efficiency of the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Jai Lal Lulla , Seyedmoein Mohsenimofidi , Matthias Galster , Jie M. Zhang , Sebastian Baltes , Christoph Treude

Context: Refactoring is the art of modifying the design of a system without altering its behavior. The idea is to reorganize variables, classes and methods to facilitate their future adaptations and comprehension. As the concept of behavior…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-07-23 Eman Abdullah AlOmar , Mohamed Wiem Mkaouer , Christian Newman , Ali Ouni

Nowadays, modern applications are developed using components written in different programming languages. These systems introduce several advantages. However, as the number of languages increases, so does the challenges related to the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-01-18 Mouna Abidi , Md Saidur Rahman , Moses Openja , Foutse Khomh

Agentic code assistants are a new generation of AI systems capable of performing end-to-end software engineering tasks. While these systems promise unprecedented productivity gains, their behavior and effectiveness depend heavily on…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Helio Victor F. Santos , Vitor Costa , Joao Eduardo Montandon , Marco Tulio Valente

Dependencies between modules can trigger ripple effects when changes are made, making maintenance complex and costly, so minimizing these dependencies is crucial. Consequently, understanding what drives dependencies is important. One…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Zushuai Zhang , Elliott Wen , Ewan Tempero

Advances in technologies like artificial intelligence and metaverse have led to a proliferation of software systems in business and everyday life. With this widespread penetration, the carbon emissions of software are rapidly growing as…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Rohit Mehra , Priyavanshi Pathania , Vibhu Saujanya Sharma , Vikrant Kaulgud , Sanjay Podder , Adam P. Burden