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Continual learning models allow to learn and adapt to new changes and tasks over time. However, in continual and sequential learning scenarios in which the models are trained using different data with various distributions, neural networks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-17 HongLin Li , Payam Barnaghi , Shirin Enshaeifar , Frieder Ganz

The continual learning (CL) paradigm aims to enable neural networks to learn tasks continually in a sequential fashion. The fundamental challenge in this learning paradigm is catastrophic forgetting previously learned tasks when the model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-15 Ghada Sokar , Decebal Constantin Mocanu , Mykola Pechenizkiy

The lifelong learning paradigm in machine learning is an attractive alternative to the more prominent isolated learning scheme not only due to its resemblance to biological learning but also its potential to reduce energy waste by obviating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-30 Sanket Vaibhav Mehta , Darshan Patil , Sarath Chandar , Emma Strubell

Model ensemble is an effective strategy in continual learning, which alleviates catastrophic forgetting by interpolating model parameters, achieving knowledge fusion learned from different tasks. However, existing model ensemble methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Yuchuan Mao , Zhi Gao , Xiaomeng Fan , Yuwei Wu , Yunde Jia , Chenchen Jing

In recent years, deep neural networks have found success in replicating human-level cognitive skills, yet they suffer from several major obstacles. One significant limitation is the inability to learn new tasks without forgetting previously…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-20 Gabrielle K. Liu

Despite recent efforts, neural networks still struggle to learn in non-stationary environments, and our understanding of catastrophic forgetting (CF) is far from complete. In this work, we perform a systematic study on the impact of model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Jacopo Graldi , Alessandro Breccia , Giulia Lanzillotta , Thomas Hofmann , Lorenzo Noci

In recent years, neural networks have demonstrated an outstanding ability to achieve complex learning tasks across various domains. However, they suffer from the "catastrophic forgetting" problem when they face a sequence of learning tasks,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-27 Seyed-Iman Mirzadeh , Mehrdad Farajtabar , Hassan Ghasemzadeh

Catastrophic forgetting and capacity saturation are the central challenges of any parametric lifelong learning system. In this work, we study these challenges in the context of sequential supervised learning with an emphasis on recurrent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-10 Shagun Sodhani , Sarath Chandar , Yoshua Bengio

Rehearsal is one of the key techniques for mitigating catastrophic forgetting and has been widely adopted in continual learning algorithms due to its simplicity and practicality. However, the theoretical understanding of how rehearsal scale…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-25 JinLi He , Liang Bai , Xian Yang

We study how different output layer parameterizations of a deep neural network affects learning and forgetting in continual learning settings. The following three effects can cause catastrophic forgetting in the output layer: (1) weights…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-19 Timothée Lesort , Thomas George , Irina Rish

Architecture search is the process of automatically learning the neural model or cell structure that best suits the given task. Recently, this approach has shown promising performance improvements (on language modeling and image…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-13 Ramakanth Pasunuru , Mohit Bansal

Recent studies on catastrophic forgetting during sequential learning typically focus on fixing the accuracy of the predictions for a previously learned task. In this paper we argue that the outputs of neural networks are subject to rapid…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-14 Yuwen Xiong , Mengye Ren , Raquel Urtasun

Despite remarkable successes achieved by modern neural networks in a wide range of applications, these networks perform best in domain-specific stationary environments where they are trained only once on large-scale controlled data…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2019-04-23 Pouya Bashivan , Martin Schrimpf , Robert Ajemian , Irina Rish , Matthew Riemer , Yuhai Tu

Continual Learning research typically focuses on tackling the phenomenon of catastrophic forgetting in neural networks. Catastrophic forgetting is associated with an abrupt loss of knowledge previously learned by a model when the task, or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-06 MohammadReza Davari , Nader Asadi , Sudhir Mudur , Rahaf Aljundi , Eugene Belilovsky

Current deep learning architectures suffer from catastrophic forgetting, a failure to retain knowledge of previously learned classes when incrementally trained on new classes. The fundamental roadblock faced by deep learning methods is that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-01 Ziyang Wu , Christina Baek , Chong You , Yi Ma

It has been observed that neural networks perform poorly when the data or tasks are presented sequentially. Unlike humans, neural networks suffer greatly from catastrophic forgetting, making it impossible to perform life-long learning. To…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-31 Longhui Yu , Tianyang Hu , Lanqing Hong , Zhen Liu , Adrian Weller , Weiyang Liu

One notable weakness of current machine learning algorithms is the poor ability of models to solve new problems without forgetting previously acquired knowledge. The Continual Learning paradigm has emerged as a protocol to systematically…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-16 Heinke Hihn , Daniel A. Braun

Using neural networks in practical settings would benefit from the ability of the networks to learn new tasks throughout their lifetimes without forgetting the previous tasks. This ability is limited in the current deep neural networks by a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-06-20 Risto Vuorio , Dong-Yeon Cho , Daejoong Kim , Jiwon Kim

Continual learning can incrementally absorb new concepts without interfering with previously learned knowledge. Motivated by the characteristics of neural networks, in which information is stored in weights on connections, we investigated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Depeng Li , Tianqi Wang , Bingrong Xu , Kenji Kawaguchi , Zhigang Zeng , Ponnuthurai Nagaratnam Suganthan

Continual learning-the ability to learn many tasks in sequence-is critical for artificial learning systems. Yet standard training methods for deep networks often suffer from catastrophic forgetting, where learning new tasks erases knowledge…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-07-12 Sebastian Lee , Sebastian Goldt , Andrew Saxe