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The Circle of Willis (CoW) is the part of cerebral vasculature responsible for delivering blood to the brain. Understanding the diverse anatomical variations and configurations of the CoW is paramount to advance research on cerebrovascular…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-15 Yash Deo , Haoran Dou , Nishant Ravikumar , Alejandro F. Frangi , Toni Lassila

Despite significant progress in generative modelling, existing diffusion models often struggle to produce anatomically precise female pelvic images, limiting their application in gynaecological imaging, where data scarcity and patient…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-26 Johanna P. Müller , Anika Knupfer , Pedro Blöss , Edoardo Berardi Vittur , Bernhard Kainz , Jana Hutter

Diffusion probabilistic models have demonstrated significant potential in generating high-quality, realistic medical images, providing a promising solution to the persistent challenge of data scarcity in the medical field. Nevertheless,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Delin An , Chaoli Wang

Identifying cerebral cortex layers is crucial for comparative studies of the cytoarchitecture aiming at providing insights into the relations between brain structure and function across species. The absence of extensive annotated datasets…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Valentina Vadori , Antonella Peruffo , Jean-Marie Graïc , Giulia Vadori , Livio Finos , Enrico Grisan

State-of-the-art diffusion models can generate highly realistic images based on various conditioning like text, segmentation, and depth. However, an essential aspect often overlooked is the specific camera geometry used during image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Andrey Voynov , Amir Hertz , Moab Arar , Shlomi Fruchter , Daniel Cohen-Or

Cephalometric landmark detection is essential for orthodontic diagnostics and treatment planning. Nevertheless, the scarcity of samples in data collection and the extensive effort required for manual annotation have significantly impeded…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-12 Dongqian Guo , Wencheng Han , Pang Lyu , Yuxi Zhou , Jianbing Shen

Diffusion-based voxel prior modelling is challenging for the reconstruction of large-scale 3D porous microstructures. Due to the demanding requirements for simultaneously modelling both the continuous pore morphology and the discrete…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Yue Shi , Peng Wang , Mingzhe Yu , Yunlong Zhao , Li Liu , Gareth D Hatton , Yan Lyu , Liangxiu Han

How does audio describe the world around us? In this work, we propose a method for generating images of visual scenes from diverse in-the-wild sounds. This cross-modal generation task is challenging due to the significant information gap…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Kim Sung-Bin , Arda Senocak , Hyunwoo Ha , Tae-Hyun Oh

Anatomy shape modeling is a fundamental problem in medical data analysis. However, the geometric complexity and topological variability of anatomical structures pose significant challenges to accurate anatomical shape generation. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Guoqing Zhang , Jingyun Yang , Siqi Chen , Anping Zhang , Yang Li

Generating images from rhetorical languages remains a critical challenge for text-to-image models. Even state-of-the-art (SOTA) multimodal large language models (MLLM) fail to generate images based on the hidden meaning inherent in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Yuxi Zhang , Yueting Li , Xinyu Du , Sibo Wang

Surface analysis of the cortex is ubiquitous in human neuroimaging with MRI, e.g., for cortical registration, parcellation, or thickness estimation. The convoluted cortical geometry requires isotropic scans (e.g., 1mm MPRAGEs) and good…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-04 Karthik Gopinath , Douglas N. Greve , Sudeshna Das , Steve Arnold , Colin Magdamo , Juan Eugenio Iglesias

The burgeoning field of brain health research increasingly leverages artificial intelligence (AI) to interpret and analyze neurological data. This study introduces a novel approach towards the creation of medical foundation models by…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-08 Joseph Cox , Peng Liu , Skylar E. Stolte , Yunchao Yang , Kang Liu , Kyle B. See , Huiwen Ju , Ruogu Fang

Cortical thickness measurements from magnetic resonance imaging, an important biomarker in many neurodegenerative and neurological disorders, are derived by many tools from an initial voxel-wise tissue segmentation. White matter (WM)…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-27 Vinzenz Uhr , Ivan Diaz , Christian Rummel , Richard McKinley

With the growing interest in foundation models for brain signals, graph-based pretraining has emerged as a promising paradigm for learning transferable representations from connectome data. However, existing contrastive and masked…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Xinxu Wei , Rong Zhou , Lifang He , Yu Zhang

3D spatial graphs play a crucial role in biological and clinical research by modeling anatomical networks such as blood vessels,neurons, and airways. However, generating 3D biological graphs while maintaining anatomical validity remains…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Chinmay Prabhakar , Suprosanna Shit , Tamaz Amiranashvili , Hongwei Bran Li , Bjoern Menze

Accurate, patient-specific vascular geometry is pivotal for diagnosis, planning, and device design, yet existing statistical shape modeling (SSM) pipelines rely on linear priors and topology-specific preprocessing that limit realism,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Pan Du , Mingqi Xu , Xiaozhi Zhu , Jian-xun Wang

Large-scale text-guided image diffusion models have shown astonishing results in text-to-image (T2I) generation. However, applying these models to synthesize textures for 3D geometries remains challenging due to the domain gap between 2D…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-30 Jiawei Lu , Yingpeng Zhang , Zengjun Zhao , He Wang , Kun Zhou , Tianjia Shao

Diffusion-based image generators can now produce high-quality and diverse samples, but their success has yet to fully translate to 3D generation: existing diffusion methods can either generate low-resolution but 3D consistent outputs, or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Animesh Karnewar , Niloy J. Mitra , Andrea Vedaldi , David Novotny

Generative diffusion models offer a natural choice for data augmentation when training complex vision models. However, ensuring reliability of their generative content as augmentation samples remains an open challenge. Despite a number of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Khawar Islam , Naveed Akhtar

Layout-to-image generation refers to the task of synthesizing photo-realistic images based on semantic layouts. In this paper, we propose LayoutDiffuse that adapts a foundational diffusion model pretrained on large-scale image or text-image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-20 Jiaxin Cheng , Xiao Liang , Xingjian Shi , Tong He , Tianjun Xiao , Mu Li