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Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) has emerged as a pivotal technology for next-generation wireless networks, enabling simultaneous data transmission and environmental sensing. However, existing ISAC systems face fundamental…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-18 Amirhossein Taherpour , Abbas Taherpour , Tamer Khattab

The deployment of Extremely Large-Scale Antenna Arrays for 6G enables radiative near-field sensing but poses significant challenges in terms of hardware complexity and interference. Stacked Intelligent Metasurfaces (SIMs) address these…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-25 Andrea Abrardo , Bartoli Giulio

This paper investigates a downlink multiuser multiple-input single-output system that integrates rate-splitting multiple access (RSMA) with a stacked intelligent metasurface (SIM) to enable wave-domain beamforming. Unlike conventional…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-17 Abdullah Quran , Shimaa Naser , Maryam Tariq , Omar Alhussein , Sami Muhaidat

To improve the efficiency of scarce radio-frequency (RF) resources in next-generation wireless systems, an intelligent transceiver architecture based on stacked intelligent metasurfaces (SIM) has recently emerged, where multiple…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Muhammad Ibrahim , Amine Mezghani , Ekram Hossain

Stacked intelligent metasurface (SIM) has emerged as a technology enabling wave domain beamforming through multiple stacked reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs). SIM has been implemented so far with diagonal RIS (D-RIS), while SIM…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Matteo Nerini , Bruno Clerckx

Stacked intelligent metasurfaces (SIMs) and fluid antenna systems (FAS) are emerging technologies for wave-domain and spatial signal manipulation, respectively.This letter proposes a novel joint SIM-FAS communication model in which…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Anastasios Papazafeiropoulos

Stacked intelligent metasurface (SIM) is an emerging technology that uses multiple reconfigurable surface layers to enable flexible wave-based beamforming. In this paper, we focus on an \ac{SIM}-assisted multi-user multiple-input…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-22 Nipuni Ginige , Prathapasinghe Dharmawansa , Arthur Sousa de Sena , Nurul Huda Mahmood , Nandana Rajatheva , Matti Latva-aho

Stacked intelligent surfaces (SIS) are a promising technology for next-generation wireless systems, offering an opportunity to enhance communication performance with low power consumption. Typically, an SIS is modelled as a surface that…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-29 Omran Abbas , Abdullah Zayat , Loıc Markley , Anas Chaaban

Stacked intelligent metasurfaces (SIMs) have recently emerged as a key enabler for realizing electromagnetic wave-domain signal processing in next-generation wireless networks. However, practical SIM implementations often suffer from…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-10 Xing Jia , Hao Liu , Haoxian Niu , Jinbao Li , Xiangyu Ding , Lu Gan

Semantic communication systems aim to transmit task-relevant information between devices capable of artificial intelligence, but their performance can degrade when heterogeneous transmitter-receiver models produce misaligned latent…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-08 Mario Edoardo Pandolfo , Kyriakos Stylianopoulos , George C. Alexandropoulos , Paolo Di Lorenzo

We investigate the achievable rate (AR) of a stacked intelligent metasurface (SIM)-aided holographic multiple-input multiple-output (HMIMO) system by jointly optimizing the SIM phase shifts and power allocation. Contrary to earlier studies…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-14 Eduard E. Bahingayi , Nemanja Stefan Perović , Le-Nam Tran

Emerging technologies, such as holographic multiple-input multiple-output (HMIMO) and stacked intelligent metasurface (SIM), are driving the development of wireless communication systems. Specifically, the SIM is physically constructed by…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Xianghao Yao , Jiancheng An , Lu Gan , Marco Di Renzo , Chau Yuen

This work develops a physically consistent model for stacked intelligent metasurfaces (SIM) using multiport network theory and transfer scattering parameters (T-parameters). Unlike the scattering parameters (S-parameters) model, the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-11 Hamad Yahya , Matteo Nerini , Bruno Clerckx , Merouane Debbah

The energy spectral efficiency maximization (ESEM) problem of a multi-user, multi-relay, multi-cell system is considered, where all the network nodes are equipped with multi-antenna transceivers. To deal with the potentially excessive…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-01-26 Kent Tsz Kan Cheung , Shaoshi Yang , Lajos Hanzo

As the dense deployment of access points (APs) in cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output (CF-mMIMO) systems presents significant challenges, per-AP coverage can be expanded using large-scale antenna arrays (LAAs). However, this…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-17 Eunhyuk Park , Seok-Hwan Park , Osvaldo Simeone , Marco Di Renzo , Shlomo Shamai

This study explores a next-generation multiple access (NGMA) framework for cell-free massive MIMO (CF-mMIMO) systems enhanced by stacked intelligent metasurfaces (SIMs), aiming to improve simultaneous wireless information and power transfer…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-25 Thien Duc Hua , Mohammadali Mohammadi , Hien Quoc Ngo , Michail Matthaiou

Intelligent metasurfaces have demonstrated great promise in revolutionizing wireless communications. One notable example is the two-dimensional (2D) programmable metasurface, which is also known as reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS)…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Jiancheng An , Mérouane Debbah , Tie Jun Cui , Zhi Ning Chen , Chau Yuen

Introduced with the advent of statistical wireless channel models for high mobility communications and having a profound role in communication-centric (CC) integrated sensing and communications (ISAC), the doubly-dispersive (DD) channel…

Typical reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) implementations include metasurfaces with almost passive unit elements capable of reflecting their incident waves in controllable ways, enhancing wireless communications in a cost-effective…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-17 Songjie Yang , Zihang Wan , Boyu Ning , Weidong Mei , Jiancheng An , Yonina C. Eldar , Chau Yuen

Stacked Intelligent Metasurfaces (SIM) have emerged as a revolutionary architecture for next-generation wireless communications, offering wave-domain signal processing capabilities with significantly reduced hardware complexity compared to…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Yuhui Jiao , Qian Zhang , Xuejun Cheng , Yunxiao Li , Yufei Zhao , Ju Liu , Yong Liang Guan