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Current music similarity models typically compute a single, monolithic score, entangling distinct musical dimensions like melody, rhythm, and timbre. This limits user control and interpretability, making it impossible to execute nuanced…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Abhinaba Roy , Junyi Liang , Dorien Herremans

Emotion and expressivity in music have been topics of considerable interest in the field of music information retrieval. In recent years, mid-level perceptual features have been suggested as means to explain computational predictions of…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-03-01 Shreyan Chowdhury , Gerhard Widmer

Music Emotion Recognition involves the automatic identification of emotional elements within music tracks, and it has garnered significant attention due to its broad applicability in the field of Music Information Retrieval. It can also be…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Kexin Zhu , Xulong Zhang , Jianzong Wang , Ning Cheng , Jing Xiao

This project presents an AI-based system for tone replication in music production, focusing on predicting EQ parameter settings directly from audio features. Unlike traditional audio-to-audio methods, our approach outputs interpretable…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Song-Ze Yu

Despite recent advances in audio content-based music emotion recognition, a question that remains to be explored is whether an algorithm can reliably discern emotional or expressive qualities between different performances of the same…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-07-29 Shreyan Chowdhury , Gerhard Widmer

Symbolic music understanding, which refers to the understanding of music from the symbolic data (e.g., MIDI format, but not audio), covers many music applications such as genre classification, emotion classification, and music pieces…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-06-11 Mingliang Zeng , Xu Tan , Rui Wang , Zeqian Ju , Tao Qin , Tie-Yan Liu

Distributional metrics such as Fr\'echet Audio Distance cannot score individual music clips and correlate poorly with human judgments, while the only per-sample learned metric achieving high human correlation is closed-source. We introduce…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Di Zhu , Zixuan Li

A key aspect of machine learning models lies in their ability to learn efficient intermediate features. However, the input representation plays a crucial role in this process, and polyphonic musical scores remain a particularly complex type…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-09 Mathieu Prang , Philippe Esling

Developing open-source foundation models is essential for advancing research in music audio understanding and ensuring access to powerful, multipurpose representations for music information retrieval. We present OMAR-RQ, a model trained…

Automatic music transcription (AMT), aiming to convert musical signals into musical notation, is one of the important tasks in music information retrieval. Recently, previous works have applied high-resolution labels, i.e., the continuous…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Jinyi Mi , Sehun Kim , Tomoki Toda

Music Information Retrieval (MIR) has seen a recent surge in deep learning-based approaches, which often involve encoding symbolic music (i.e., music represented in terms of discrete note events) in an image-like or language like fashion.…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-12 Huan Zhang , Emmanouil Karystinaios , Simon Dixon , Gerhard Widmer , Carlos Eduardo Cancino-Chacón

The ''pretraining-and-finetuning'' paradigm has become a norm for training domain-specific models in natural language processing and computer vision. In this work, we aim to examine this paradigm for symbolic music generation through…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-11-22 Weihan Xu , Julian McAuley , Shlomo Dubnov , Hao-Wen Dong

Music generation introduces challenging complexities to large language models. Symbolic structures of music often include vertical harmonization as well as horizontal counterpoint, urging various adaptations and enhancements for large-scale…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Seungyeon Rhyu , Kichang Yang , Sungjun Cho , Jaehyeon Kim , Kyogu Lee , Moontae Lee

Existing methods for expressive music performance rendering rely on supervised learning over small labeled datasets, which limits scaling of both data volume and model size, despite the availability of vast unlabeled music, as in vision and…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Hong-Jie You , Jie-Jing Shao , Xiao-Wen Yang , Lin-Han Jia , Lan-Zhe Guo , Yu-Feng Li

Cross-modal retrieval between audio recordings and symbolic music representations (MIDI) remains challenging because continuous waveforms and discrete event sequences encode different aspects of the same performance. We study descriptor…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Mariano Fernández Méndez

In this paper, we explore the tokenized representation of musical scores using the Transformer model to automatically generate musical scores. Thus far, sequence models have yielded fruitful results with note-level (MIDI-equivalent)…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-12-02 Masahiro Suzuki

Predicting the difficulty of playing a musical score is essential for structuring and exploring score collections. Despite its importance for music education, the automatic difficulty classification of piano scores is not yet solved, mainly…

Our study investigates an approach for understanding musical performances through the lens of audio encoding models, focusing on the domain of solo Western classical piano music. Compared to composition-level attribute understanding such as…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-22 Huan Zhang , Jinhua Liang , Simon Dixon

Foundation models have revolutionized music information retrieval, but questions remain about their ability to generalize across diverse musical traditions. This paper presents a comprehensive evaluation of five state-of-the-art audio…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Charilaos Papaioannou , Emmanouil Benetos , Alexandros Potamianos

While multi-audio understanding is critical for large audio-language models (LALMs), it remains underexplored. We introduce MUGEN, a comprehensive benchmark evaluating this capability across speech, general audio, and music. Our experiments…