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In this work, we study dynamic programming (DP) algorithms for partially observable Markov decision processes with jointly continuous and discrete state-spaces. We consider a class of stochastic systems which have coupled discrete and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-03-07 Donghwan Lee , Niao He , Jianghai Hu

General purpose intelligent learning agents cycle through (complex,non-MDP) sequences of observations, actions, and rewards. On the other hand, reinforcement learning is well-developed for small finite state Markov Decision Processes…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2009-12-30 Marcus Hutter

The general sequential decision-making problem, which includes Markov decision processes (MDPs) and partially observable MDPs (POMDPs) as special cases, aims at maximizing a cumulative reward by making a sequence of decisions based on a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Ruiquan Huang , Yingbin Liang , Jing Yang

Partially observable Markov decision processes (POMDPs) are a fundamental model for sequential decision-making under uncertainty. However, many verification and synthesis problems for POMDPs are undecidable or intractable. Most prominently,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Nathanaël Fijalkow , Arka Ghosh , Roman Kniazev , Guillermo A. Pérez , Pierre Vandenhove

We consider off-policy evaluation (OPE) in Partially Observable Markov Decision Processes (POMDPs), where the evaluation policy depends only on observable variables and the behavior policy depends on unobservable latent variables. Existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-17 Chengchun Shi , Masatoshi Uehara , Jiawei Huang , Nan Jiang

This paper presents a data-driven approach for multi-robot coordination in partially-observable domains based on Decentralized Partially Observable Markov Decision Processes (Dec-POMDPs) and macro-actions (MAs). Dec-POMDPs provide a general…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2017-08-21 Miao Liu , Kavinayan Sivakumar , Shayegan Omidshafiei , Christopher Amato , Jonathan P. How

Policies for partially observed Markov decision processes can be efficiently learned by imitating policies for the corresponding fully observed Markov decision processes. Unfortunately, existing approaches for this kind of imitation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-02 Andrew Warrington , J. Wilder Lavington , Adam Ścibior , Mark Schmidt , Frank Wood

Active classification, i.e., the sequential decision-making process aimed at data acquisition for classification purposes, arises naturally in many applications, including medical diagnosis, intrusion detection, and object tracking. In this…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2018-10-02 Bo Wu , Mohamadreza Ahmadi , Suda Bharadwaj , Ufuk Topcu

The sense of touch, being the earliest sensory system to develop in a human body [1], plays a critical part of our daily interaction with the environment. In order to successfully complete a task, many manipulation interactions require…

Robotics · Computer Science 2017-05-18 Jaeyong Sung , J. Kenneth Salisbury , Ashutosh Saxena

We present quantum observable Markov decision processes (QOMDPs), the quantum analogues of partially observable Markov decision processes (POMDPs). In a QOMDP, an agent's state is represented as a quantum state and the agent can choose a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2015-06-19 Jennifer Barry , Daniel T. Barry , Scott Aaronson

Conventional imitation learning assumes access to the actions of demonstrators, but these motor signals are often non-observable in naturalistic settings. Additionally, sequential decision-making behaviors in these settings can deviate from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Aoyang Qin , Feng Gao , Qing Li , Song-Chun Zhu , Sirui Xie

The Partially Observable Markov Decision Process (POMDP) is a powerful framework for capturing decision-making problems that involve state and transition uncertainty. However, most current POMDP planners cannot effectively handle…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-12-06 Sampada Deglurkar , Michael H. Lim , Johnathan Tucker , Zachary N. Sunberg , Aleksandra Faust , Claire J. Tomlin

Uncertainty plays a central role in spoken dialogue systems. Some stochastic models like Markov decision process (MDP) are used to model the dialogue manager. But the partially observable system state and user intention hinder the natural…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-01-14 Bo Zhang , Qingsheng Cai , Jianfeng Mao , Baining Guo

Markov Decision Processes (MDPs) are stochastic optimization problems that model situations where a decision maker controls a system based on its state. Partially observed Markov decision processes (POMDPs) are generalizations of MDPs where…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-03-26 Victor Cohen , Axel Parmentier

This paper deals with the question of how to most effectively conduct experiments in Partially Observed Markov Decision Processes so as to provide data that is most informative about a parameter of interest. Methods from Markov decision…

Other Statistics · Statistics 2018-01-31 Leifur Thorbergsson , Giles Hooker

Imitation learning seeks to circumvent the difficulty in designing proper reward functions for training agents by utilizing expert behavior. With environments modeled as Markov Decision Processes (MDP), most of the existing imitation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-24 Dripta S. Raychaudhuri , Sujoy Paul , Jeroen van Baar , Amit K. Roy-Chowdhury

Autonomous robots operating in complex, unstructured environments face significant challenges due to latent, unobserved factors that obscure their understanding of both their internal state and the external world. Addressing this challenge…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Alejandro Murillo-Gonzalez , Lantao Liu

Reinforcement learning algorithms are typically designed for generic Markov Decision Processes (MDPs), where any state-action pair can lead to an arbitrary transition distribution. In many practical systems, however, only a subset of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Davide Maran , Davide Salaorni , Marcello Restelli

This paper describes sufficient conditions for the existence of optimal policies for Partially Observable Markov Decision Processes (POMDPs) with Borel state, observation, and action sets and with the expected total costs. Action sets may…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2014-07-02 Eugene A. Feinberg , Pavlo O. Kasyanov , Michael Z. Zgurovsky

This paper studies the fundamental limits of reinforcement learning (RL) in the challenging \emph{partially observable} setting. While it is well-established that learning in Partially Observable Markov Decision Processes (POMDPs) requires…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-03 Fan Chen , Huan Wang , Caiming Xiong , Song Mei , Yu Bai
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