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As programs to support efficient and sustainable energy sources are expanding, research into the potential applications of the hydrogen vector is accelerating. Proton exchange membrane fuel cells are electrochemical converters that…

Hydroxide ion transport in anion-exchange membranes fundamentally limits the efficiency of alkaline water electrolysis for green hydrogen production, yet the atomic-scale transport mechanisms remain poorly understood due to the…

Modern fuel cell technologies use Nafion as the material of choice for the proton exchange membrane (PEM) and as the binding material (ionomer), used to assemble the catalyst layers of the anode and cathode. These applications demand high…

Applied Physics · Physics 2025-11-03 Huan Tran , Kuan-Hsuan Shen , Shivank Shukla , Ha-Kyung Kwon , Rampi Ramprasad

We present a techno-economic optimization model for evaluating the design and operation of proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolyzers, crucial for hydrogen production powered by variable renewable electricity. This model integrates a 0-D…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-14 Landon Schofield , Benjamin Paren , Ruaridh Macdonald , Yang Shao-Horn , Dharik Mallapragada

Green hydrogen plays an essential role in decarbonization, with capacity projected to scale to 560 GW by 2030 (vs. 1.39 GW in 2023) in net-zero settings. Proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolysis is one of the most promising technology…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Bingqing Chen , Ivan Batalov , Qiu Chen , Weiqi Ji , Lei Cheng

Proton exchange membrane electrolysis (PEMEL) is a key technology for producing green hydrogen, but its scalability is limited by the use of scarce materials, particularly iridium. Iridium oxide, the preferred anode catalyst in PEMEL,…

General Economics · Economics 2025-09-09 Bernhard Wortmann , Detlef Stolten , Heidi Heinrichs

The global transition to hydrogen-based energy infrastructures faces significant hurdles. Chief among these are the high costs and sustainability issues associated with acid-based proton exchange membrane fuel cells. Anion exchange membrane…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-10-15 William Schertzer , Mohamed Al Otmi , Janani Sampath , Ryan P. Lively , Rampi Ramprasad

A central endeavour in bioelectronics is the development of logic elements to transduce and process ionic to electronic signals. Motivated by this challenge, we report fully monolithic, nanoscale logic elements featuring n- and p-type…

AI is increasingly used to accelerate engineering design by improving decision-making and shortening iteration cycles. Application to marine propeller design, however, remains challenging due to scarce training data and the lack of widely…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Leah Chen , Keni Chih-Hua Wu , Boon Tat Chia , Xiuqing Xing , Jian Cheng Wong

Nafion is a perfluorosulfonated polymer, widely used in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells. This polymer adopts a complex structural organisation resulting from the microsegregation between hydrophobic backbones and hydrophilic sulfonic…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2013-12-18 Marie Plazanet , Francesco Sacchetti , Caterina Petrillo , Bruno Deme , Paolo Bartolini , Renato Torre

Solid polymer electrolytes hold significant promise as materials for next-generation batteries due to their superior safety performance, enhanced specific energy, and extended lifespans compared to liquid electrolytes. However, the…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2025-04-04 Zhenze Yang , Weike Ye , Xiangyun Lei , Daniel Schweigert , Ha-Kyung Kwon , Arash Khajeh

Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), a widely used thermoplastic in packaging, textiles, and engineering applications, is valued for its strength, clarity, and chemical resistance. Increasing environmental impact concerns and regulatory…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-11-10 Chiho Kim , Wei Xiong , Akhlak Mahmood , Rampi Ramprasad , Huan Tran

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are excellent candidates for water harvesting due to their tunable pore environments, which can be precisely engineered to capture and release water in arid conditions. Integrating artificial intelligence…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-05-29 Reid A. Coyle , Shyam Chand Pal , Peter Walther , Saeun Park , Bin Feng , Zhiling Zheng

Efficient electrochemical energy devices are vital to renewable energy technology, yet coordinating the effective flow of electrons, ions, and chemical species continues to be a major challenge. In conventional proton-exchange membrane fuel…

Scalable hydrogen production using proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers depends on overcoming efficiency losses arising from coupled multiphase, multicomponent transport and interfacial phenomena across the membrane electrode…

Hydrogen is vital for sectors like chemicals and others, driven by the need to reduce carbon emissions. Proton Electrolyte Membrane Water Electrolysis (PEMWE) is a key technology for the production of green hydrogen under fluctuating…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-10-10 Dayron Chang Dominguez , An Phuc Dam , Thomas Richter , Kai Sundmacher , Shaun M. Alia

Amorphous and amorphous porous palladium are key materials for catalysis, hydrogen storage, and functional applications, but their complex structures present computational challenges. This study employs a deep neural network trained on…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-02-11 Isaías Rodríguez

A key factor preventing the market penetration of renewable, intermittent energy sources, such as solar, wind and wave, is the lack of cost-effective energy storage options to counteract intermittency. Here, we propose and demonstrate a…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2016-10-17 Matthew E. Suss , Kameron Conforti , Laura Gilson , Cullen R. Buie , Martin Z. Bazant

In this study, we propose to adopt a novel framework, Knowledge-integrated Machine Learning, for advancing Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolysis (PEMWE) development. Given the significance of PEMWE in green hydrogen production and the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-08 Xia Chen , Alexander Rex , Janis Woelke , Christoph Eckert , Boris Bensmann , Richard Hanke-Rauschenbach , Philipp Geyer

Generative models and machine learning promise accelerated material discovery in MOFs for CO2 capture and water harvesting but face significant challenges navigating vast chemical spaces while ensuring synthetizability. Here, we present…

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