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The commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) component based ecosystem provides an attractive system design paradigm due to the drastic reduction in development time and cost compared to custom solutions. However, it brings in a growing concern of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-12-02 Mahmudul Hasan , Jonathan Cruz , Prabuddha Chakraborty , Swarup Bhunia , Tamzidul Hoque

Hardware Trojans (HTs) have become a serious problem, and extermination of them is strongly required for enhancing the security and safety of integrated circuits. An effective solution is to identify HTs at the gate level via machine…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-05-30 Kento Hasegawa , Seira Hidano , Kohei Nozawa , Shinsaku Kiyomoto , Nozomu Togawa

Industrial Systems-on-Chips (SoCs) often comprise hundreds of thousands to millions of nets and millions to tens of millions of connectivity edges, making empirical evaluation of hardware-Trojan (HT) detectors on realistic designs both…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Yaroslav Popryho , Debjit Pal , Inna Partin-Vaisband

Fabrication-less design houses outsource their designs to 3rd party foundries to lower fabrication cost. However, this creates opportunities for a rogue in the foundry to introduce hardware Trojans, which stay inactive most of the time and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-05-03 Xiaotong Cui , Samah Saeed , Alwin Zulehner , Robert Wille , Rolf Drechsler , Kaijie Wu , Ramesh Karri

The recent surge in hardware security is significant due to offshoring the proprietary Intellectual property (IP). One distinct dimension of the disruptive threat is malicious logic insertion, also known as Hardware Trojan (HT). HT subverts…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-12-24 Sheikh Ariful Islam , Farha Islam Mime , S M Asaduzzaman , Farzana Islam

With the globalization of the semiconductor manufacturing process, electronic devices are powerless against malicious modification of hardware in the supply chain. The ever-increasing threat of hardware Trojan attacks against integrated…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-03-13 Kyle Worley , Md Tauhidur Rahman

A potential vulnerability for integrated circuits (ICs) is the insertion of hardware trojans (HTs) during manufacturing. Understanding the practicability of such an attack can lead to appropriate measures for mitigating it. In this paper,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-08-22 Alexander Hepp , Tiago Perez , Samuel Pagliarini , Georg Sigl

Software-exploitable Hardware Trojans (HTs) enable attackers to execute unauthorized software or gain illicit access to privileged operations. This manuscript introduces a hardware-based methodology for detecting runtime HT activations…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Alessandro Palumbo , Ruben Salvador

This work focuses on advancing security research in the hardware design space by formally defining the realistic problem of Hardware Trojan (HT) detection. The goal is to model HT detection more closely to the real world, i.e., describing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-29 Amin Sarihi , Ahmad Patooghy , Abdel-Hameed A. Badawy , Peter Jamieson

Logic locking and hardware Trojans are two fields in hardware security that have been mostly developed independently from each other. In this paper, we identify the relationship between these two fields. We find that a common structure that…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Yuntao Liu , Aruna Jayasena , Prabhat Mishra , Ankur Srivastava

This paper discusses the possible introduction of hidden reliability defects during CMOS foundry fabrication processes that may lead to accelerated wearout of the devices. These hidden defects or hardware Trojans can be created by deviation…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2009-06-23 Y. Shiyanovskii , F. Wolff , C. Papachristou , D. Weyer , W. Clay

Conventional Hardware Trojan (HT) detection techniques are based on the validation of integrated circuits to determine changes in their functionality, and on non-invasive side-channel analysis to identify the variations in their physical…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-12-10 Imran Hafeez Abbassi , Faiq Khalid , Semeen Rehman , Awais Mehmood Kamboh , Axel Jantsch , Siddharth Garg , Muhammad Shafique

Hardware Trojans have drawn the attention of academia, industry and government agencies. Effective detection mechanisms and countermeasures against such malicious designs can only be developed when there is a deep understanding of how…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-10-03 Samaneh Ghandali , Thorben Moos , Amir Moradi , Christof Paar

Due to the ever-growing demands for electronic chips in different sectors the semiconductor companies have been mandated to offshore their manufacturing processes. This unwanted matter has made security and trustworthiness of their…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-07-21 Md Mahfuz Al Hasan , Mohammad Tahsin Mostafiz , Thomas An Le , Jake Julia , Nidish Vashistha , Shayan Taheri , Navid Asadizanjani

Outsourcing integrated circuit (IC) manufacturing to offshore foundries has grown exponentially in recent years. Given the critical role of ICs in the control and operation of vehicular systems and other modern engineering designs, such…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-03-23 Walid Saad , Anibal Sanjab , Yunpeng Wang , Charles Kamhoua , Kevin Kwiat

The threat of hardware Trojans (HTs) and their detection is a widely studied field. While the effort for inserting a Trojan into an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) can be considered relatively high, especially when trusting…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-02-03 Thilo Krachenfels , Jean-Pierre Seifert , Shahin Tajik

Electronic Design Automation (EDA) industry heavily reuses third party IP cores. These IP cores are vulnerable to insertion of Hardware Trojans (HTs) at design time by third party IP core providers or by malicious insiders in the design…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-04-14 Syed Kamran Haider , Chenglu Jin , Marten van Dijk

The globalization of the Integrated Circuit (IC) supply chain, driven by time-to-market and cost considerations, has made ICs vulnerable to hardware Trojans (HTs). Against this threat, a promising approach is to use Machine Learning…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-05 Behnam Omidi , Khaled N. Khasawneh , Ihsen Alouani

With the rising popularity of machine learning and the ever increasing demand for computational power, there is a growing need for hardware optimized implementations of neural networks and other machine learning models. As the technology…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-06-18 Joseph Clements , Yingjie Lao

With ever advancing in digital system, security has been emerged as a major concern. Many researchers all around the world come up with solutions to address various challenges that are crucial for industry and market. The aim of this survey…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-01-03 Payman Behnam