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The stochastic reaction-diffusion model driven by a multiplicative noise is examined. We construct the gradient discretisation method (GDM), an abstract framework combining several numerical method families. The paper provides the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-07-11 Yahya Alnashri , Hasan Alzubaidi

The approximation of invariant measures for nonlinear ergodic stochastic differential equations (SDEs) is a central problem in scientific computing, with important applications in stochastic sampling, physics, and ecology. We first propose…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-11-18 Shan Huang , Xiaoyue Li

Discrete time analogues of ergodic stochastic differential equations (SDEs) are one of the most popular and flexible tools for sampling high-dimensional probability measures. Non-asymptotic analysis in the $L^2$ Wasserstein distance of…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-10-11 Mateusz B. Majka , Aleksandar Mijatović , Lukasz Szpruch

Previously, the authors derived an analog of the Euler-Maru\-yama method (fEMM) for free stochastic differential equations (fSDEs) and proved strong convergence of order $\gamma=0.5$ in $L_1(\varphi)$-norm under certain assumptions. In this…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-03-31 Michael Wibmer , Georg Schlüchtermann

The gradient discretisation method (GDM) is a generic framework for designing and analysing numerical schemes for diffusion models. In this paper, we study the GDM for the porous medium equation, including fast diffusion and slow diffusion…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-04-02 Jerome Droniou , Kim-Ngan Le

Score-based Generative Models (SGMs) approximate a data distribution by perturbing it with Gaussian noise and subsequently denoising it via a learned reverse diffusion process. These models excel at modeling complex data distributions and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Stefano Bruno , Sotirios Sabanis

We consider the approximation of stochastic differential equations (SDEs) with non-Lipschitz drift or diffusion coefficients. We present a modified explicit Euler-Maruyama discretisation scheme that allows us to prove strong convergence,…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2016-04-12 Jean-Francois Chassagneux , Antoine Jacquier , Ivo Mihaylov

Many stochastic differential equations (SDEs) in the literature have a superlinearly growing nonlinearity in their drift or diffusion coefficient. Unfortunately, moments of the computationally efficient Euler-Maruyama approximation method…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-11-25 Martin Hutzenthaler , Arnulf Jentzen

Diffusion models for continuous state spaces based on Gaussian noising processes are now relatively well understood from both practical and theoretical perspectives. In contrast, results for diffusion models on discrete state spaces remain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Giovanni Conforti , Alain Durmus , Le-Tuyet-Nhi Pham , Gael Raoul

We provide full theoretical guarantees for the convergence behaviour of diffusion-based generative models under the assumption of strongly log-concave data distributions while our approximating class of functions used for score estimation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Stefano Bruno , Ying Zhang , Dong-Young Lim , Ömer Deniz Akyildiz , Sotirios Sabanis

Recent years have witnessed significant progress in developing effective training and fast sampling techniques for diffusion models. A remarkable advancement is the use of stochastic differential equations (SDEs) and their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-26 Defang Chen , Zhenyu Zhou , Jian-Ping Mei , Chunhua Shen , Chun Chen , Can Wang

The paper considers an Euler discretization based numerical scheme for approximating functionals of invariant distribution of an ergodic diffusion. Convergence of the numerical scheme is shown for suitably chosen discretization step, and a…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-05-31 Arnab Ganguly , P. Sundar

We use a generic framework, namely the gradient discretisation method (GDM), to propose a unified numerical analysis for general time-dependent convection-diffusion-reaction models. We establish novel results for convergence rates of…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-07-03 Hasan Alzubaidi , Yahya Alnashri

Recently, diffusion models have achieved great success in generative tasks. Sampling from diffusion models is equivalent to solving the reverse diffusion stochastic differential equations (SDEs) or the corresponding probability flow…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-03 Hanzhong Guo , Cheng Lu , Fan Bao , Tianyu Pang , Shuicheng Yan , Chao Du , Chongxuan Li

Sampling from an unknown distribution, accessible only through discrete samples, is a fundamental problem at the core of generative AI. The current state-of-the-art methods follow a two-step process: first, estimating the score function…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Samuel Hurault , Matthieu Terris , Thomas Moreau , Gabriel Peyré

This paper investigates the approximation of stochastic delay differential equations (SDDEs) via the backward Euler-Maruyama (BEM) method under generalized monotonicity and Khasminskii-type conditions in the infinite horizon. First, by…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-05-20 Yudong Wang , Hongjiong Tian

We investigate the estimates of the density for the traditional Euler-Maruyama discretization of stochastic differential equations (SDEs) with multiplicative noise. Our estimates focus on two key aspects: (1) the $L^p$-upper bounds for…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-08-11 Lei Li , Mengchao Wang , Yuliang Wang

We prove strong convergence of order $1/4-\epsilon$ for arbitrarily small $\epsilon>0$ of the Euler-Maruyama method for multidimensional stochastic differential equations (SDEs) with discontinuous drift and degenerate diffusion coefficient.…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-01-23 Gunther Leobacher , Michaela Szölgyenyi

This work explores the theoretical and practical foundations of denoising diffusion probabilistic models (DDPMs) and score-based generative models, which leverage stochastic processes and Brownian motion to model complex data distributions.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Jathin Korrapati , Tanish Baranwal , Rahul Shah

An elementary approach to characterizing the impact of noise scheduling and time discretization in generative diffusion models is developed. We first utilize the Cram\'er-Rao bound to identify the Gaussian setting as a fundamental…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Qiang Sun , H. Vincent Poor , Wenyi Zhang