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Ransomware represents a pervasive threat, traditionally countered at the operating system, file-system, or network levels. However, these approaches often introduce significant overhead and remain susceptible to circumvention by attackers.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Nicolas Reategui , Roman Pletka , Dionysios Diamantopoulos

Nowadays ransomware has become a new profitable form of attack. This type of malware acts as a form of extortion which encrypts the files in a victim's computer and forces the victim to pay the ransom to have the data recovered. Even…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-03-23 Joshua Morris , Dan Lin , Marcellus Smith

Crypto-ransomware attacks have been a growing threat over the last few years. The goal of every ransomware strain is encrypting user data, such that attackers can later demand users a ransom for unlocking their data. To maximise their…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-23 Marco Venturini , Francesco Freda , Emanuele Miotto , Mauro Conti , Alberto Giaretta

Ransomware continues to evolve as one of the most disruptive cyber threats, with recent variants increasingly leveraging automated and AI-assisted techniques to evade traditional signature-based defenses. Early detection of such attacks…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Prabhudarshi Nayak , Gogulakrishnan Thiyagarajan , Debashree Priyadarshini , Vinay Bist , Rohan Swain

Although ransomware has received broad attention in media and research, this evolving threat vector still poses a systematic threat. Related literature has explored their detection using various approaches leveraging Machine and Deep…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-01 Jan von der Assen , Chao Feng , Alberto Huertas Celdrán , Róbert Oleš , Gérôme Bovet , Burkhard Stiller

Unauthorized data alteration has been a longstanding threat since the emergence of malware. System and application software can be reinstalled and hardware can be replaced, but user data is priceless in many cases. Especially in recent…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-05-28 Lianying Zhao , Mohammad Mannan

Encryption-based attacks have introduced significant challenges for detection mechanisms that rely on predefined signatures, heuristic indicators, or static rule-based classifications. Probabilistic Latent Encryption Mapping presents an…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Mohammad Eisa , Quentin Yardley , Rafael Witherspoon , Harriet Pendlebury , Clement Rutherford

The increasing complexity of cryptographic extortion techniques has necessitated the development of adaptive detection frameworks capable of identifying adversarial encryption behaviors without reliance on predefined signatures.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Vasili Iskorohodov , Maximilian Ravensdale , Matthias von Holstein , Hugo Petrovic , Adrian Yardley

In this study, we propose a new methodology to control how user's data is recognized and used by AI via exploiting the properties of adversarial examples. For this purpose, we propose reversible adversarial example (RAE), a new type of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-12 Jiayang Liu , Weiming Zhang , Kazuto Fukuchi , Youhei Akimoto , Jun Sakuma

Detecting malware, especially ransomware, is essential to securing today's interconnected ecosystems, including cloud storage, enterprise file-sharing, and database services. Training high-performing artificial intelligence (AI) detectors…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Daniel M. Jimenez-Gutierrez , Enrique Zuazua , Joaquin Del Rio , Oleksii Sliusarenko , Xabi Uribe-Etxebarria

File encrypting ransomware increasingly employs intermittent encryption techniques, encrypting only parts of files to evade classical detection methods. These strategies, exemplified by ransomware families like BlackCat, complicate file…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Ynes Ineza , Gerald Jackson , Prince Niyonkuru , Jaden Kevil , Abdul Serwadda

Malicious attacks, malware, and ransomware families pose critical security issues to cybersecurity, and it may cause catastrophic damages to computer systems, data centers, web, and mobile applications across various industries and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-07-05 Mohammad Masum , Md Jobair Hossain Faruk , Hossain Shahriar , Kai Qian , Dan Lo , Muhaiminul Islam Adnan

In the current era of interconnected cyberspace, there is an adverse effect of ransomware on individuals, startups, and large companies. Cybercriminals hold digital assets till the demand for payment is made. The success of ransomware…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Sharmila S P

The threat from ransomware continues to grow both in the number of affected victims as well as the cost incurred by the people and organisations impacted in a successful attack. In the majority of cases, once a victim has been attacked…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-06-29 Simon R Davies , Richard Macfarlane , William J Buchanan

Ransomware can produce direct and controllable economic loss, which makes it one of the most prominent threats in cyber security. As per the latest statistics, more than half of malwares reported in Q1 of 2017 are ransomware and there is a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-02-13 Manaar Alam , Sarani Bhattacharya , Debdeep Mukhopadhyay , Anupam Chattopadhyay

Entropy-based detection methodologies have gained significant attention due to their ability to analyze structural irregularities within executable files, particularly in the identification of malicious software employing advanced…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Peter Idliman , Wilfred Balfour , Benedict Featheringham , Hugo Chesterfield

Ransomware has emerged as one of the major global threats in recent days. The alarming increasing rate of ransomware attacks and new ransomware variants intrigue the researchers in this domain to constantly examine the distinguishing traits…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-12-12 Rawshan Ara Mowri , Madhuri Siddula , Kaushik Roy

Ransomware attacks are increasing at an alarming rate, leading to large financial losses, unrecoverable encrypted data, data leakage, and privacy concerns. The prompt detection of ransomware attacks is required to minimize further damage,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-05-31 Jurijs Nazarovs , Jack W. Stokes , Melissa Turcotte , Justin Carroll , Itai Grady

The ransomware threat has loomed over our digital life since 1989. Criminals use this type of cyber attack to lock or encrypt victims' data, often coercing them to pay exorbitant amounts in ransom. The damage ransomware causes ranges from…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Kenan Begovic , Abdulaziz Al-Ali , Qutaibah Malluhi

Among many prevailing malware, crypto-ransomware poses a significant threat as it financially extorts affected users by creating denial of access via unauthorized encryption of their documents as well as holding their documents hostage and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-11-25 Nitin Pundir , Mark Tehranipoor , Fahim Rahman