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Generative AI models offer powerful capabilities but often lack transparency, making it difficult to interpret their output. This is critical in cases involving artistic or copyrighted content. This work introduces a search-inspired…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Theodoros Aivalis , Iraklis A. Klampanos , Antonis Troumpoukis , Joemon M. Jose

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used in decision-making tasks where they can amplify or suppress perspectives, raising concerns in high-stakes settings affecting autistic communities. While previous research has identified…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Naba Rizvi , Harper Strickland , Saleha Ahmedi , Nedjma Ousidhoum

Innovations in annotation methodology have been a catalyst for Reading Comprehension (RC) datasets and models. One recent trend to challenge current RC models is to involve a model in the annotation process: humans create questions…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-18 Max Bartolo , Alastair Roberts , Johannes Welbl , Sebastian Riedel , Pontus Stenetorp

Over the past decade, a crisis of confidence in scientific literature has gained attention, particularly in the West. In response, we have seen changes in policy and practice amongst individual researchers and institutions. Greater…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Tatiana Chakravorti , Chuhao Wu , Sai Koneru , Sarah Rajtmajer

Language models have been shown to reproduce underlying biases existing in their training data, which is the majority perspective by default. Proposed solutions aim to capture minority perspectives by either modelling annotator…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-22 Nikolas Vitsakis , Amit Parekh , Ioannis Konstas

AI Alignment, primarily in the form of Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF), has been a cornerstone of the post-training phase in developing Large Language Models (LLMs). It has also been a popular research topic across various…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Ilias Chalkidis

Aligning Large Language Models (LLMs) is crucial for enhancing their safety and utility. However, existing methods, primarily based on preference datasets, face challenges such as noisy labels, high annotation costs, and privacy concerns.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Hao Sun , Mihaela van der Schaar

Expertise of annotators has a major role in crowdsourcing based opinion aggregation models. In such frameworks, accuracy and biasness of annotators are occasionally taken as important features and based on them priority of the annotators…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2017-09-01 Sujoy Chatterjee , Anirban Mukhopadhyay , Malay Bhattacharyya

In this paper, we study how different Reddit communities discuss generative AI in high school education, focusing on learning, academic integrity, AI detection, and emotional framing. Using 3,789 posts from five education-related…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Parth Gaba , Emiliano De Cristofaro

Researchers have proposed the use of generative large language models (LLMs) to label data for research and applied settings. This literature emphasizes the improved performance of these models relative to other natural language models,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Megan A. Brown , Shubham Atreja , Libby Hemphill , Patrick Y. Wu

This position paper argues that annotation disagreement in Natural Language Inference (NLI) is not mere noise but often reflects meaningful variation, especially when triggered by ambiguity in the premise or hypothesis. While underspecified…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Chathuri Jayaweera , Bonnie J. Dorr

Human-Computer Interaction has been shown to lead to improvements in machine learning systems by boosting model performance, accelerating learning and building user confidence. In this work, we aim to alleviate the expectation that human…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-29 Jonathan Erskine , Matt Clifford , Alexander Hepburn , Raúl Santos-Rodríguez

Disagreement in natural language annotation has mostly been studied from a perspective of biases introduced by the annotators and the annotation frameworks. Here, we propose to analyze another source of bias: task design bias, which has a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-04 Valentina Pyatkin , Frances Yung , Merel C. J. Scholman , Reut Tsarfaty , Ido Dagan , Vera Demberg

This work deviates from easy-to-define class boundaries for object interactions. For the task of object interaction recognition, often captured using an egocentric view, we show that semantic ambiguities in verbs and recognising…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-04-24 Michael Wray , Davide Moltisanti , Walterio Mayol-Cuevas , Dima Damen

Most of the existing work that focus on the identification of implicit knowledge in arguments generally represent implicit knowledge in the form of commonsense or factual knowledge. However, such knowledge is not sufficient to understand…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-27 Keshav Singh , Naoya Inoue , Farjana Sultana Mim , Shoichi Naitoh , Kentaro Inui

The use of LLM-based applications as a means to accelerate and/or substitute human labor in the creation of language resources and dataset is a reality. Nonetheless, despite the potential of such tools for linguistic research, comprehensive…

The assessment of argument quality depends on well-established logical, rhetorical, and dialectical properties that are unavoidably subjective: multiple valid assessments may exist, there is no unequivocal ground truth. This aligns with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Julia Romberg , Maximilian Maurer , Henning Wachsmuth , Gabriella Lapesa

Reflective writing is part of many higher education courses across the globe. It is often considered a challenging task for students as it requires self-regulated learning skills to appropriately plan, timely engage and deeply reflect on…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-11-16 Wannapon Suraworachet , Qi Zhou , Mutlu Cukurova

The enormous increase of popularity and use of the WWW has led in the recent years to important changes in the ways people communicate. An interesting example of this fact is provided by the now very popular social annotation systems,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2009-07-02 Ciro Cattuto , Alain Barrat , Andrea Baldassarri , G. Schehr , Vittorio Loreto

Complementary collaboration between humans and AI is essential for human-AI decision making. One feasible approach to achieving it involves accounting for the calibrated confidence levels of both AI and users. However, this process would…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Jingshu Li , Yitian Yang , Q. Vera Liao , Junti Zhang , Yi-Chieh Lee