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We are currently unable to specify human goals and societal values in a way that reliably directs AI behavior. Law-making and legal interpretation form a computational engine that converts opaque human values into legible directives. "Law…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-05-17 John J. Nay

Artificial intelligence (AI) has been successfully applied in numerous scientific domains. In biomedicine, AI has already shown tremendous potential, e.g. in the interpretation of next-generation sequencing data and in the design of…

Regulations and standards in the field of artificial intelligence (AI) are necessary to minimise risks and maximise benefits, yet some argue that they stifle innovation. This paper critically examines the idea that regulation stifles…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-02-09 Alessio Tartaro , Adam Leon Smith , Patricia Shaw

In April 2021, the European Commission proposed a Regulation on Artificial Intelligence, known as the AI Act. We present an overview of the Act and analyse its implications, drawing on scholarship ranging from the study of contemporary AI…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-06-14 Michael Veale , Frederik Zuiderveen Borgesius

In the era of big data, intellectual property-oriented scientific and technological resources show the trend of large data scale, high information density and low value density, which brings severe challenges to the effective use of…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2022-04-14 Yuhui Wang , Yingxia Shao , Ang Li

Advances in Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) are resulting in AI-generated media output that is (nearly) indistinguishable from human-created content. This can drastically impact users and the media sector, especially given global…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-03-14 Abdallah El Ali , Karthikeya Puttur Venkatraj , Sophie Morosoli , Laurens Naudts , Natali Helberger , Pablo Cesar

Recent proposals aiming at regulating artificial intelligence (AI) and automated decision-making (ADM) suggest a particular form of risk regulation, i.e. a risk-based approach. The most salient example is the Artificial Intelligence Act…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-11-14 Carsten Orwat , Jascha Bareis , Anja Folberth , Jutta Jahnel , Christian Wadephul

This paper proposes a comprehensive analysis of existing concepts coming from different disciplines tackling the notion of intelligence, namely psychology and engineering, and from disciplines aiming to regulate AI innovations, namely AI…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-05-10 Gauthier Chassang , Mogens Thomsen , Pierre Rumeau , Florence Sèdes , Alejandra Delfin

Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly being adopted in most industries, and for applications such as note taking and checking grammar, there is typically not a cause for concern. However, when constitutional rights are involved, as…

Generative artificial intelligence (AI) systems are trained on large data corpora to generate new pieces of text, images, videos, and other media. There is growing concern that such systems may infringe on the copyright interests of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Jiachen T. Wang , Zhun Deng , Hiroaki Chiba-Okabe , Boaz Barak , Weijie J. Su

The AI/HCI and legal communities have developed largely independent conceptualizations of fairness. This conceptual difference hinders the potential incorporation of technical fairness criteria (e.g., procedural, group, and individual…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Tin Nguyen , Jiannan Xu , Phuong-Anh Nguyen-Le , Jonathan Lazar , Donald Braman , Hal Daumé , Zubin Jelveh

The topic of fairness in AI, as debated in the FATE (Fairness, Accountability, Transparency, and Ethics in AI) communities, has sparked meaningful discussions in the past years. However, from a legal perspective, particularly from the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Luca Deck , Jan-Laurin Müller , Conradin Braun , Domenique Zipperling , Niklas Kühl

Availability of challenging benchmarks is the key to advancement of AI in a specific field.Since Legal Text is significantly different than normal English text, there is a need to create separate Natural Language Processing benchmarks for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Prathamesh Kalamkar , Janani Venugopalan Ph. D. , Vivek Raghavan Ph. D

This report documents the history of research on AI rights and other moral consideration of artificial entities. It highlights key intellectual influences on this literature as well as research and academic discussion addressing the topic…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-08-30 Jamie Harris

Algorithmic decision-making and other types of artificial intelligence (AI) can be used to predict who will commit crime, who will be a good employee, who will default on a loan, etc. However, algorithmic decision-making can also threaten…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Frederik J. Zuiderveen Borgesius

Over the past decade, a crisis of confidence in scientific literature has gained attention, particularly in the West. In response, we have seen changes in policy and practice amongst individual researchers and institutions. Greater…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Tatiana Chakravorti , Chuhao Wu , Sai Koneru , Sarah Rajtmajer

This paper critically examines the evolving ethical and regulatory challenges posed by the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in cybersecurity. We trace the historical development of AI regulation, highlighting major milestones…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Vikram Kulothungan

There is a growing concern that generative AI models will generate outputs closely resembling the copyrighted materials for which they are trained. This worry has intensified as the quality and complexity of generative models have immensely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Niva Elkin-Koren , Uri Hacohen , Roi Livni , Shay Moran

Transformative AI systems may pose unprecedented catastrophic risks, but the U.S. Constitution places significant constraints on the government's ability to govern this technology. This paper examines how the First Amendment, administrative…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Alex Mark , Aaron Scher

Generative AI has witnessed rapid advancement in recent years, expanding their capabilities to create synthesized content such as text, images, audio, and code. The high fidelity and authenticity of contents generated by these Deep…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-25 Jie Ren , Han Xu , Pengfei He , Yingqian Cui , Shenglai Zeng , Jiankun Zhang , Hongzhi Wen , Jiayuan Ding , Pei Huang , Lingjuan Lyu , Hui Liu , Yi Chang , Jiliang Tang
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