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As artificial intelligence (AI) technologies spread worldwide, international discussions have increasingly focused on their consequences for democracy, human rights, fundamental freedoms, security, and economic and social development. In…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-10-02 Michal Natorski

Through a systematization of generative AI (GenAI) stakeholder goals and expectations, this work seeks to uncover what value different stakeholders see in their contributions to the GenAI supply line. This valuation enables us to understand…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-02 Amruta Mahuli , Asia Biega

Recent breakthroughs in generative artificial intelligence (AI) and large language models (LLMs) unravel new capabilities for AI personal assistants to overcome cognitive bandwidth limitations of humans, providing decision support or even…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Srijoni Majumdar , Edith Elkind , Evangelos Pournaras

Generative AI has witnessed rapid advancement in recent years, expanding their capabilities to create synthesized content such as text, images, audio, and code. The high fidelity and authenticity of contents generated by these Deep…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-25 Jie Ren , Han Xu , Pengfei He , Yingqian Cui , Shenglai Zeng , Jiankun Zhang , Hongzhi Wen , Jiayuan Ding , Pei Huang , Lingjuan Lyu , Hui Liu , Yi Chang , Jiliang Tang

This chapter examines the impact of the geopolitical rivalry between the United States and China on the prospects for inclusive innovation in artificial intelligence (AI) development. We explore three critical aspects of the American and…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Jyh-An Lee , Jingwen Liu

Independent evaluation and red teaming are critical for identifying the risks posed by generative AI systems. However, the terms of service and enforcement strategies used by prominent AI companies to deter model misuse have disincentives…

Recent work has demonstrated how data-driven AI methods can leverage consumer protection by supporting the automated analysis of legal documents. However, a shortcoming of data-driven approaches is poor explainability. We posit that in this…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-08-18 Federico Ruggeri , Francesca Lagioia , Marco Lippi , Paolo Torroni

The rise of Generative AI (GenAI) has sparked significant debate over balancing the interests of creative rightsholders and AI developers. As GenAI models are trained on vast datasets that often include copyrighted material, questions…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Kar Balan , Andrew Gilbert , John Collomosse

Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly being adopted in most industries, and for applications such as note taking and checking grammar, there is typically not a cause for concern. However, when constitutional rights are involved, as…

The advent of Generative AI, particularly through Large Language Models (LLMs) like ChatGPT and its successors, marks a paradigm shift in the AI landscape. Advanced LLMs exhibit multimodality, handling diverse data formats, thereby…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-03-18 Claudio Novelli , Federico Casolari , Philipp Hacker , Giorgio Spedicato , Luciano Floridi

The rise of artificial intelligence (A.I.) based systems is already offering substantial benefits to the society as a whole. However, these systems may also enclose potential conflicts and unintended consequences. Notably, people will tend…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-12-23 Pedro Fernandes , Francisco C. Santos , Manuel Lopes

The advent of ChatGPT has sparked over a year of regulatory frenzy. However, few existing studies have rigorously questioned the assumption that, if left unregulated, AI chatbot's output would inflict tangible, severe real harm on human…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-11-20 Jiawei Zhang

Since the introduction of Generative AI (GenAI) in 2022, its ability to simulate human intelligence and generate content has sparked both enthusiasm and concern. While much criticism focuses on AI's potential to perpetuate bias, create…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Michael Broyde , Yiyang Mei

We study the problem of collaborative machine learning markets where multiple parties can achieve improved performance on their machine learning tasks by combining their training data. We discuss desired properties for these machine…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2019-11-21 Olga Ohrimenko , Shruti Tople , Sebastian Tschiatschek

We model a competitive market where AI agents buy answers from upstream generative models and resell them to users who differ in how much they value accuracy and in how much they fear hallucinations. Agents can privately exert effort for…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2026-04-14 Engin Iyidogan , Ali I. Ozkes

This paper summarizes the current copyright related risks that Machine Learning (ML) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems (including Large Language Models --LLMs) incur. These risks affect different stakeholders: owners of the copyright…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-05-06 Daniel M. German

The field of AI is undergoing a fundamental transition from generative models that can produce synthetic content to artificial agents that can plan and execute complex tasks with only limited human involvement. Companies that pioneered the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Noam Kolt

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is rapidly becoming a foundational layer of social, economic, and cognitive infrastructure. At the same time, the training and large-scale deployment of AI systems rely on finite and unevenly distributed energy,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Jon Crowcroft , Rute C. Sofia , Dirk Trossen , Vassilis Tsaoussidis

Legal reasoning requires both precise interpretation of statutory language and consistent application of complex rules, presenting significant challenges for AI systems. This paper introduces a modular multi-agent framework that decomposes…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Albert Sadowski , Jarosław A. Chudziak

Judicial reasoning in copyright damage awards poses a core challenge for computational legal analysis. Although federal courts follow the 1976 Copyright Act, their interpretations and factor weightings vary widely across jurisdictions. This…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Pei-Chi Lo , Thomas Y. Lu