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Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite networks serve as a cornerstone infrastructure for providing ubiquitous connectivity in areas where terrestrial infrastructure is unavailable. With the emergence of Direct-to-Cell (DTC) satellites, these…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Chaoyu Zhang , Hexuan Yu , Shanghao Shi , Shaoyu Li , Yi Shi , Eric Burger , Y. Thomas Hou , Wenjing Lou

Low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite networks with mega constellations have the potential to provide 5G and beyond services ubiquitously. However, these networks may introduce mutual interference to both satellite and terrestrial networks,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-23 Daeun Kim , Jeonghun Park , Jinseok Choi , Namyoon Lee

Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite communication is a promising solution for global wireless coverage, especially in underserved and remote areas. However, the high relative velocity of LEO satellites induces significant Doppler shifts that…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-01 Islam M. Tanash , Risto Wichman , Nuria Gonzalez-Prelcic

Providing truly ubiquitous connectivity requires development of low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite Internet, whose theoretical study is lagging behind network-specific simulations. In this paper, we derive analytical expressions for the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-08-26 Niloofar Okati , Taneli Riihonen

Low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite constellations are rapidly becoming essential enablers of next-generation wireless systems, offering global broadband access, high-precision localization, and reliable sensing beyond terrestrial coverage.…

5G technology will drastically change the way satellite internet providers deliver services by offering higher data speeds, massive network capacity, reduced latency, improved reliability and increased availability. A standardised 5G…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-11-03 Pol Henarejos , Xavier Artiga , Miguel A. Vázquez , Màrius Caus , Musbah Shaat , Joan Bas , Lluís Blanco , Ana I. Pérez-Neira

Low earth orbit (LEO) satellite plays an indispensable role in the earth network because of its low latency, large capacity, and seamless global coverage. For such an unprecedented extensive irregular system, stochastic geometry (SG) is a…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-10-26 Ruibo Wang , Mustafa A. Kishk , Mohamed-Slim Alouini

This work proposes a pragmatic method for the design of beam footprint layouts and beam hopping illumination patterns to efficiently broadcast 3GPP NTN common signaling to large coverage areas using EIRP-limited LEO satellites. This method…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-17 Xavier Artiga , Màrius Caus , Ana Pérez-Neira

Multi orbit low earth orbit (LEO) satellites communication is envisioned as a key infrastructure to deliver global coverage, enabling future services from space air ground integrated networks.However, the optimized design of LEO which…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-18 Yingzhuo Sun , Yulan Gao , Ming Xiao , Zhu Han , Octavia A. Dobre

Low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite mega-constellations with hundreds or thousands of satellites and inter-satellite links (ISLs) have the potential to provide global end-to-end connectivity. Furthermore, if the physical distance between source…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Rasmus Sibbern Frederiksen , Thomas Gundgaard Mulvad , Israel Leyva-Mayorga , Tatiana Kozlova Madsen , Federico Chiariotti

Low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites offer a promising alternative to global navigation satellite systems for precise positioning; however, their relatively low altitudes make them more susceptible to orbital perturbations, which in turn…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-11 Jie Ma , Pinjun Zheng , Xing Liu , Yuchen Zhang , Ali A. Nasir , Tareq Y. Al-Naffouri

Low earth orbit (LEO) satellites are a key technology to enable connectivity for rural and remote users. Communication satellites in LEO can provide coverage to much larger areas than terrestrial or aerial systems, while offering improved…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Lachlan Drake , Lawrence Ong , Duy T. Ngo

LEO Satellite Networks (LSNs) are revolutionizing global connectivity, but their reliance on tens of thousands of satellites raises pressing concerns over sustainability and survivability. In this work, we argue that the inefficiencies in…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Chris Misa , Ramakrishnan Durairajan

In this paper, we investigate the performance of large-scale heterogeneous low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite networks in the context of three association schemes. In contrast to existing studies, where single-tier LEO satellite-based network…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Yuan Guo , Christodoulos Skouroumounis , Symeon Chatzinotas , Ioannis Krikidis

Low earth orbit (LEO) satellite has been considered as a potential supplement for the terrestrial Internet of Things (IoT). In this paper, we consider grant-free non-orthogonal random access (GF-NORA) in orthogonal frequency division…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-01 Yong Zuo , Mingyang Yue , Mingchen Zhang , Sixian Li , Shaojie Ni , Xiaojun Yuan

Low earth orbit (LEO) satellite based non-terrestrial networks are a key theme of the upcoming 6G networks. These space networks are proposed to be used for high-mobility use-cases like airplanes and vehicles. The initial access process…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-11 Ashutosh Balakrishnan , Pierre Popineau , Philippe Martins

The end-to-end connectivity patterns between two points on Earth are highly volatile if mediated via a Low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellite constellation. This is rooted in the enormous speeds at which satellites in LEO must travel relative to…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-08-15 Gregory Stock , Juan A. Fraire , Santiago Henn , Holger Hermanns , Andreas Schmidt

Operators of low-Earth-orbit (LEO) non-geostationary satellite networks, also known as mega-constellations, are required by current regulations to share all available satellite spectrum. This paper proposes a consensus mechanism to…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Arman Mollakhani , Dongning Guo

A mega-constellation of low-earth orbit (LEO) satellites has the potential to enable long-range communication with low latency. Integrating this with burgeoning unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) assisted non-terrestrial networks will be a…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-05-27 Ju-Hyung Lee , Jihong Park , Mehdi Bennis , Young-Chai Ko

Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) provide the backbone of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing (PNT) but remain vulnerable to interference. Low Earth Orbit (LEO) constellations within Fifth-Generation (5G) Non-Terrestrial Networks…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-21 Idir Edjekouane , Alejandro González Garrido , Jorge Querol , Symeon Chatzinotas
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