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The first measurement of energy produced transverse to the beam direction at RHIC is presented. The mid-rapidity transverse energy density per participating nucleon rises steadily with the number of participants, closely paralleling the…
Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are one of the candidates of ultra-high-energy (around 10^18.5 eV) cosmic-ray (UHECR) sources. We investigate high-energy cosmic-ray acceleration including heavy nuclei in GRBs by using Geant 4, and discuss its…
In order to dissipate long-lived radioactive waste, not only high ux proton accelerator but also electron linac have been proposed. A proton accelerator directly induces nuclear fission and mutation. On the other hand, electron beam has two…
The energetics of electromagnetic acceleration of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) is constrained both by confinement of a particle within an acceleration site and by radiative energy losses of the particle in the confining magnetic…
The High Intensity Gamma-ray Source (HIGS) at Duke University is an accelerator-driven Compton gamma-ray source, providing high flux gamma-ray beam from 1 MeV to 100 MeV for photo-nuclear physics research. The HIGS facility operates three…
Detrimental beam dynamics effects limit performance of high intensity rapid cycling synchrotrons (RCS) such as the 8 GeV proton Fermilab Booster. Here we report the results of comprehensive experimental studies of various beam intensity…
We discuss the acceleration of secondary muons, pions, and kaons in gamma-ray bursts within the internal shock scenario, and their impact on the neutrino fluxes. We introduce a two-zone model consisting of an acceleration zone (the shocks)…
We discuss possible acceleration scenarios and methods for a mu+ mu- collider. The accelerator must take the beams from ~100 MeV to 2 TeV within the muon lifetime (2.2 x 10**(-6) E(mu)/m(mu) uS), while compressing bunches of 10**(12) muons…
One of the primary goals of high-energy heavy-ion collisions is to establish the QCD phase diagram and search for possible phase boundaries. The planned RHIC energy scan program will explore this exciting physics topic using heavy-ion…
We investigated the possibility of acceleration of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) in nearby active galactic nuclei (AGNs) using archival multi-wavelength observational data, and then we constrained their physical conditions, i.e.,…
We discuss a representative selection of particle acceleration mechanisms believed to be operating in Active Galactic Nuclei. Starting from direct electrostatic field acceleration in the vicinity of the black hole up to Fermi-type particle…
The Proton Improvement Plan - II (PIP-II) injector linac is an 800 MeV superconducting H$^-$ linac, christened Linac2, that will replace the existing 400 MeV injector to the accelerator complex at Fermilab. The higher energy, intensity and…
With the new GSI High Current Injector, the beam pulse intensity will be increased by more than two orders of magnitude. The high beam power and the short stopping range at particle energies below 12 MeV/u can destroy accelerator components…
Results from the Beam Energy Scan (BES) program conducted by STAR experiment at RHIC are presented. The data from Phase-I of the BES program collected in Au+Au collisions at center-of-mass energies ($\sqrt{s_{NN}}$) of 7.7, 11.5, 19.6, 27,…
A new scheme for injection and acceleration of electrons in wakefield accelerators is suggested based on the co-action of a laser pulse and an electron beam. This synergy leads to stronger wakefield generation and higher energy gain in the…
An experimental study of laser driven electron acceleration in N2 and N2-He mixed gas-jet target using laser pulses of duration ~60-70 fs is presented. Generation of relativistic electron beam with quasi-thermal spectra was observed at a…
Recent STAR measurements of the anisotropic flow coefficients (v$_{n}$) are presented for Au+Au collisions spanning the beam energy range $\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 7.7 - 200$ GeV. The measurements indicate dependences on the harmonic number ($n$),…
Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs) and their relativistic jets belong to the most promising class of ultra-high-energy cosmic ray (UHECR) accelerators. This compact review summarises basic experimental findings by recent instruments, and…
We propose a new approach to high-intensity relativistic laser-driven electron acceleration in a plasma. Here, we demonstrate that a plasma wave generated by a stimulated forward-scattering of an incident laser pulse can be in the longest…
In order to double the positron injection rate into the KEKB ring, a two-bunch acceleration scheme has been studied at the linac, in which bunches separated by 96 ns are accelerated in 50 Hz. In this scheme the stabilization of energy and…