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We present a detailed study of the collapse of molecular cloud cores using high resolution 3D adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) numerical simulations. In this first in a series of investigations our initial conditions consists of spherical…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Robi Banerjee , Ralph E. Pudritz , Lindsay Holmes

We introduce our new code, SMERCURY-T, which is based on existing codes SMERCURY (Lissauer et al. 2012) and Mercury-T (Bolmont et al. 2015). The result is a mixed-variable symplectic N-body integrator that can compute the orbital and spin…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-09-09 Steven M. Kreyche , Jason W. Barnes , Billy L. Quarles , John E. Chambers

Abridged. A large fraction of stars are found in binary systems. It is therefore important for our understanding of the star formation process, to investigate the fragmentation of dense molecular cores. We study the influence of the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 P. Hennebelle , R. Teyssier

Recent improvements to GPU hardware and the symplectic N-body code GENGA allow for unprecedented resolution in simulations of planet formation. In this paper, we report results from high-resolution N-body simulations of terrestrial planet…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-09-09 Jason Man Yin Woo , Ramon Brasser , Simon L. Grimm , Miles L. Timpe , Joachim Stadel

The absence of planets interior to Mercury continues to puzzle terrestrial planet formation models, particularly when contrasted with the relatively high derived occurrence rates of short-period planets around Sun-like stars. Recent work…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-05-05 Matthew S. Clement , John E. Chambers , Alan P. Jackson

The Earth appears non-chondritic in its abundances of refractory lithophile elements, posing a significant problem for our understanding of its formation and evolution. It has been suggested that this non-chondritic composition may be…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-11-04 Philip J. Carter , Zoë M. Leinhardt , Tim Elliott , Michael J. Walter , Sarah T. Stewart

Formation models in which terrestrial bodies grow via the pairwise accretion of planetesimals have been reasonably successful at reproducing the general properties of the solar system, including small body populations. However, planetesimal…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-07-20 Spencer C. Wallace , Thomas R. Quinn

I present examples of how chemo-dynamical N-body simulations can help understanding the structure and evolution of the inner Galaxy. Such simulations reproduce the observed links between kinematics, morphology and chemistry in the bar/bulge…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-08-22 E. Athanassoula

Despite the increase in observational data on exoplanets, the processes that lead to the formation of planets are still not well understood. But thanks to the high number of known exoplanets, it is now possible to look at them as a…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-22 C. Mordasini , P. Mollière , K. -M. Dittkrist , S. Jin , Y. Alibert

Observations have confirmed the existence of multiple-planet systems containing a hot Jupiter and smaller planetary companions. Examples include WASP-47, Kepler-730, and TOI-1130. We examine the plausibility of forming such systems in situ…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-05-26 Sanson T. S. Poon , Richard P. Nelson , Gavin A. L. Coleman

(Abridged) The violent hierarchical nature of the LCDM cosmology poses serious difficulties for the formation of disk galaxies. To help resolve these issues, we describe a new, merger-driven scenario for the cosmological formation of disk…

In the classical core-accretion planet formation scenario, rapid inward migration and accretion timescales of kilometer size planetesimals may not favor the formation of massive cores of giant planets before the dissipation of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-07-26 O. M. Guilera , Zs. Sándor

One of the most challenging problems we face in our understanding of planet formation is how Jupiter and Saturn could have formed before the the solar nebula dispersed. The most popular model of giant planet formation is the so-called 'core…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-14 H. F. Levison , E. Thommes , M. J. Duncan

During accretion, terrestrial bodies attain a wide range of thermal and rotational states, which are accompanied by significant changes in physical structure (size, shape, pressure and temperature profile, etc.). However, variations in…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-05-23 Simon J. Lock , Sarah T. Stewart

The "gravitational million-body problem," to model the dynamical evolution of a self-gravitating, collisional N-body system with ~10^6 particles over many relaxation times, remains a major challenge in computational astrophysics.…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-12-07 Carl L. Rodriguez , Bharath Pattabiraman , Sourav Chatterjee , Alok Choudhary , Wei-keng Liao , Meagan Morscher , Frederic A. Rasio

The pathway to forming the iron-rich planet Mercury remains mysterious. Mercury's core makes up 70% of the planetary mass, which implies a significant enrichment of iron relative to silicates, while its mantle is strongly depleted in…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-06-08 Anders Johansen , Caroline Dorn

Massive cores of the giant planets are thought to have formed in a gas disk by accretion of pebble-size particles whose accretional cross-section is enhanced by aerodynamic gas drag [1][2]. A commonly held view is that the terrestrial…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-09-24 M. Brož , O. Chrenko , D. Nesvorný , N. Dauphas

The composition of planets is largely determined by the chemical and dynamical evolution of the disk during planetesimal formation and growth. To predict the diversity of exoplanet compositions, previous works modeled planetesimal…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2014-05-14 John Moriarty , Nikku Madhusudhan , Debra Fischer

Direct $N$-body simulations of star clusters are accurate but expensive, largely due to the numerous $\mathcal{O} (N^2)$ pairwise force calculations. To solve the post-million-body problem, it will be necessary to use approximate force…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-08-24 Diptajyoti Mukherjee , Qirong Zhu , Hy Trac , Carl L. Rodriguez