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Large Language Model (LLM)-based agents solve complex tasks through iterative reasoning, exploration, and tool-use, a process that can result in long, expensive context histories. While state-of-the-art Software Engineering (SE) agents like…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Tobias Lindenbauer , Igor Slinko , Ludwig Felder , Egor Bogomolov , Yaroslav Zharov

Long-context inputs in large language models (LLMs) often suffer from the "lost in the middle" problem, where critical information becomes diluted or ignored due to excessive length. Context compression methods aim to address this by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Xuancheng Li , Haitao Li , Yujia Zhou , Qingyao Ai , Yiqun Liu

Although large-scale self-supervised learning (SSL) models like WavLM have achieved state-of-the-art performance in speech processing, their significant size impedes deployment on resource-constrained devices. While structured pruning is a…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-11 Junyi Peng , Lin Zhang , Jiangyu Han , Oldřich Plchot , Johan Rohdin , Themos Stafylakis , Shuai Wang , Jan Černocký

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown immense potential in enhancing various aspects of our daily lives, from conversational AI to search and AI assistants. However, their growing capabilities come at the cost of extremely large model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Yingyu Liang , Jiangxuan Long , Zhenmei Shi , Zhao Song , Yufa Zhou

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive quality when applied to predictive tasks such as relevance ranking and semantic search. However, deployment of such LLMs remains prohibitively expensive for industry applications…

Test-time scaling has been widely adopted to enhance the capabilities of Large Language Model (LLM) agents in software engineering (SWE) tasks. However, the standard approach of repeatedly sampling trajectories from scratch is…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Yifeng Ding , Lingming Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) face significant computational challenges when processing long contexts due to the quadratic complexity of self-attention. While soft context compression methods, which map input text to smaller latent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Gabriele Berton , Jayakrishnan Unnikrishnan , Son Tran , Mubarak Shah

Large language model (LLM) based agents are increasingly used to tackle software engineering tasks that require multi-step reasoning and code modification, demonstrating promising yet limited performance. However, most existing LLM agents…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Hiroaki Hayashi , Bo Pang , Wenting Zhao , Ye Liu , Akash Gokul , Srijan Bansal , Caiming Xiong , Semih Yavuz , Yingbo Zhou

Transformer-based language models (LMs) are powerful and widely-applicable tools, but their usefulness is constrained by a finite context window and the expensive computational cost of processing long text documents. We propose to adapt…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Alexis Chevalier , Alexander Wettig , Anirudh Ajith , Danqi Chen

In long context scenarios, large language models (LLMs) face three main challenges: higher computational cost, performance reduction, and position bias. Research indicates that LLM performance hinges on the density and position of key…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Huiqiang Jiang , Qianhui Wu , Xufang Luo , Dongsheng Li , Chin-Yew Lin , Yuqing Yang , Lili Qiu

Large Language Models (LLMs) struggle with long-context reasoning, not only due to the quadratic scaling of computational complexity with sequence length but also because of the scarcity and expense of annotating long-context data. There…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Linda He , Jue Wang , Maurice Weber , Shang Zhu , Ben Athiwaratkun , Ce Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have been widely used as general-purpose AI agents showing comparable performance on many downstream tasks. However, existing work shows that it is challenging for LLMs to integrate structured data (e.g. KG,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-23 Younghun Lee , Sungchul Kim , Tong Yu , Ryan A. Rossi , Xiang Chen

Agents aspire to eliminate the need for task-specific prompt crafting through autonomous reason-act-observe loops. Still, they are commonly instructed to follow a task-specific plan for guidance, e.g., to resolve software issues following…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Shuyang Liu , Saman Dehghan , Jatin Ganhotra , Martin Hirzel , Reyhaneh Jabbarvand

Deep pre-trained Transformer models have achieved state-of-the-art results over a variety of natural language processing (NLP) tasks. By learning rich language knowledge with millions of parameters, these models are usually…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-10 Zhengyan Zhang , Fanchao Qi , Zhiyuan Liu , Qun Liu , Maosong Sun

Large language models (LLMs) increasingly operate in settings that require reliable long-context understanding, such as retrieval-augmented generation and multi-document reasoning. A common strategy is to fine-tune pretrained short-context…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Zichong Li , Chen Liang , Liliang Ren , Tuo Zhao , Yelong Shen , Weizhu Chen

Large Language Model (LLM) agents show great promise for complex, multi-turn tool-use tasks, but their development is often hampered by the extreme scarcity of high-quality training data. Supervised fine-tuning (SFT) on synthetic data leads…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Siyuan Lu , Zechuan Wang , Hongxuan Zhang , Qintong Wu , Leilei Gan , Chenyi Zhuang , Jinjie Gu , Tao Lin

The quadratic complexity of self attention in Transformer based LLMs renders long context inference prohibitively expensive. While Sliding Window Attention (SWA), the simplest sparse attention pattern, offers a linear complexity…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Yijiong Yu , Jiale Liu , Qingyun Wu , Huazheng Wang , Ji Pei

The rise of large language models (LLMs) has significantly advanced various natural language processing (NLP) tasks. However, the resource demands of these models pose substantial challenges. Structured pruning is an effective approach to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Changhai Zhou , Yuhua Zhou , Shijie Han , Qian Qiao , Hongguang Li

We propose a novel prompt design paradigm that challenges conventional wisdom in large language model (LLM) prompting. While conventional wisdom prioritizes well-crafted instructions and demonstrations for in-context learning (ICL), we show…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Jianyu Wang , Zhiqiang Hu , Lidong Bing

Large language models (LLMs) have triggered a new stream of research focusing on compressing the context length to reduce the computational cost while ensuring the retention of helpful information for LLMs to answer the given question.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Barys Liskavets , Maxim Ushakov , Shuvendu Roy , Mark Klibanov , Ali Etemad , Shane Luke