Related papers: Negative Pressure and Cavitation Dynamics in Plant…
A liquid subjected to negative pressure is thermodynamically metastable. Confined within a small volume, negative pressure can build up until cavities form spontaneously. The critical negative pressure for cavitation in water has been…
Water at negative pressures can remain in a metastable state for a surprisingly long time before it reaches equilibrium by cavitation, i.e. by the formation of vapor bubbles. The wide spread of experimentally measured cavitation pressures…
Water under tension, as can be found in several systems including tree vessels, is metastable. Cavitation can spontaneously occur, nucleating a bubble. We investigate the dynamics of spon- taneous or triggered cavitation inside water filled…
Despite its relevance in biology and engineering, the molecular mechanism driving cavitation in water remains unknown. Using computer simulations, we investigate the structure and dynamics of vapor bubbles emerging from metastable water at…
Cavitation, the formation of vapor bubbles in metastable liquids, is highly sensitive to nanoscale surface defects. Using molecular dynamics simulations and classical nucleation theory, we show that pure water confined within defect-free…
Water can exist in a metastable liquid state under tension for long times before the system relaxes into the vapor via cavitation, i.e., bubble nucleation. Microscopic information on the cavitation process can be extracted from experimental…
A model for the formation of cavitation nuclei in liquids has recently been presented with basis in interfacial liquid tension at non-planar solid surfaces of concave form. In the present paper investigations of water-solid interfaces by…
A body immersed in a supersaturated fluid like carbonated water can accumulate a dynamic field of bubbles upon its surface. If the body is mobile, the attached bubbles can lift it upward against gravity, but a fluid-air interface can clean…
The stability of water against cavitation under negative pressures is a phenomenon known for considerable discrepancies between theoretical predictions and experimental observations. Using a combination of molecular dynamics simulations and…
Bubble nucleation in water induced by boiling, gas supersaturation or cavitation usually originates from pre-existing gas cavities trapped into solid defects. Even though the destabilization of such gas pockets, called nuclei, has been…
Water is the most familiar liquid, and arguably the most complex. Anomalies of supercooled water have been measured during decades, and competing interpretations proposed. Yet, a decisive experiment remains elusive, because of unavoidable…
Cavitation in a liquid moving past a constraint is numerically investigated by means of a free-energy lattice Boltzmann simulation based on the van der Waals equation of state. The fluid is streamed past an obstacle and, depending on the…
The cohesion-tension theory expounds the crude sap ascent thanks to the negative pressure generated by evaporation of water from leaves. Nevertheless, trees pose multiple challenges and seem to live in unphysical conditions: the negative…
Pressure reduction in liquids may result in vaporization and bubble formation. This thermodynamic process is termed cavitation. It is commonly observed in hydraulic machinery, ship propellers, and even in medical therapy within the human…
While it is well known that cavitation occurs in liquids under tension, no universally accepted criterion for its onset in transient pressure fields exists. We propose a precise definition of the critical tension for cavitation in transient…
Cavitation is a phenomenon in which bubbles form and collapse in liquids due to pressure or temperature changes. Even common tools like a rubber popper can be used to create cavitation at home. As a rubber popper toy slams a solid wall…
When placed upside down a liquid surface is known to destabilize above a certain size. However, vertical shaking can have a dynamical stabilizing effect. These oscillations can also make air bubbles sink in the liquid when created below a…
Cavitation is a process where the viscous terms in a relativistic fluid result in reducing the effective pressure, thus facilitating the nucleation of bubbles of a stable phase. The effect is particularly pronounced in the vicinity of a…
Using large-scale molecular dynamics simulations for a system of $10^6$ particles, the response of a dense amorphous solid to the continuous expansion of its volume is investigated. We find that the spatially uniform glassy state becomes…
We perform traction experiments on simple liquids highly confined between parallel plates. At small separation rates, we observe a simple response corresponding to a convergent Poiseuille flow. Dramatic changes in the force response occur…