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The increasing use of language models in automated software testing raises concerns about their environmental impact, yet existing sustainability analyses focus almost exclusively on large language models. As a result, the energy and carbon…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Pragati Kumari , Novarun Deb

Dynamic languages have become popular for scientific computing. They are generally considered highly productive, but lacking in performance. This paper presents Julia, a new dynamic language for technical computing, designed for performance…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2012-09-25 Jeff Bezanson , Stefan Karpinski , Viral B. Shah , Alan Edelman

The discussion around AI-Engineering, that is, Software Engineering (SE) for AI-enabled Systems, cannot ignore a crucial class of software systems that are increasingly becoming AI-enhanced: Those used to enable or support the SE process,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Himon Thakur , Armin Moin

While Large Language Models (LLMs) have substantially improved the functional correctness of code translation, the critical dimension of \textit{execution efficiency} remains overlooked. We present \textbf{\textsc{trace}}, the first…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Zhihao Gong , Zeyu Sun , Dong Huang , Qingyuan Liang , Jie M. Zhang , Dan Hao

While Large Language Models (LLMs) have substantially improved the functional correctness of code translation, the critical dimension of \textit{execution efficiency} remains overlooked. We present \textbf{\textsc{trace}}, the first…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Zhihao Gong , Zeyu Sun , Dong Huang , Qingyuan Liang , Jie M. Zhang , Dan Hao

Julia is a mature general-purpose programming language, with a large ecosystem of libraries and more than 12000 third-party packages, which specifically targets scientific computing. As a language, Julia is as dynamic, interactive, and…

GPUs and other accelerators are popular devices for accelerating compute-intensive, parallelizable applications. However, programming these devices is a difficult task. Writing efficient device code is challenging, and is typically done in…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2018-10-23 Tim Besard , Christophe Foket , Bjorn De Sutter

The rapid advancement of AI technologies and their accelerated adoption in software development necessitates a systematic evaluation of their environmental impact alongside functional correctness. While prior studies have examined…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Mohammadjavad Mehditabar , Saurabhsingh Rajput , Antonio Mastropaolo , Tushar Sharma

Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently shown remarkable capabilities in various software engineering tasks, spurring the rapid growth of the Large Language Models for Software Engineering (LLM4SE) area. However, limited attention has…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-12-05 Jieke Shi , Zhou Yang , David Lo

Environmental sustainability is a major and relevant challenge facing computing. Therefore, we must start teaching theory, techniques, and practices that both increase an awareness in our student population as well a provide concrete advice…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Henrik Bærbak Christensen , Maja Hanne Kirkeby , Bent Thomsen , Lone Leth Thomsen

The number of works addressing the role of energy efficiency in the software development has been increasing recently. But, designers and programmers still complain about the lack of tools that help them to make energy-efficiency decisions.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2016-12-28 Nadia Gamez , Monica Pinto , Lidia Fuentes

We introduce a new programming language for expressing reversibility, Energy-Efficient Language (Eel), geared toward algorithm design and implementation. Eel is the first language to take advantage of a partially reversible computation…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2016-05-30 Nirvan Tyagi , Jayson Lynch , Erik D. Demaine

The increasing complexity of industrial information-integration systems demands software technologies that enable intelligent behaviour, real-time response, and efficient development. Although many programming languages and frameworks…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Burak Karaduman , Baris Tekin Tezel , Moharram Challenger

Computation-intensive pretrained models have been taking the lead of many natural language processing benchmarks such as GLUE. However, energy efficiency in the process of model training and inference becomes a critical bottleneck. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-02-17 Xiyou Zhou , Zhiyu Chen , Xiaoyong Jin , William Yang Wang

Estimates of energy usage in layers of computing from devices to algorithms have been determined and analyzed. Building on the previous analysis [3], energy needed from single devices and systems including three large-scale computing…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Sadasivan Shankar

Artificial intelligence (AI) is currently spearheaded by machine learning (ML) methods such as deep learning which have accelerated progress on many tasks thought to be out of reach of AI. These recent ML methods are often compute hungry,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Dustin Wright , Christian Igel , Gabrielle Samuel , Raghavendra Selvan

Green software engineering is emerging as a crucial response to information technology's rising energy impact, especially in continuous development. However, there remain challenges in devising automated methods for identifying energy…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-22 François Bechet , Jérôme Maquoi , Luís Cruz , Benoît Vanderose , Xavier Devroey

Efficient use of energy is essential for today's supercomputing systems, as energy cost is generally a major component of their operational cost. Research into "green computing" is needed to reduce the environmental impact of running these…

Performance · Computer Science 2022-11-08 Stefano Corda , Bram Veenboer , Emma Tolley

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has achieved significant advancements in technology and research with the development over several decades, and is widely used in many areas including computing vision, natural language processing, time-series…

There are tools to ease the 2D/3D graphics development for programmers. Sometimes, these are not directly accessible for all users requiring commercial licenses or based on trials, or long learning periods before to use them. In the modern…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2020-04-22 Amaro Duarte , Esmitt Ramirez