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We study random generation in the symmetric group when cycle type restrictions are imposed. Given $\pi, \pi' \in S_n$, we prove that $\pi$ and a random conjugate of $\pi'$ are likely to generate at least $A_n$ provided only that $\pi$ and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-07-20 Sean Eberhard , Daniele Garzoni

Let $G$ be a group and $L(G)$ be the set of all subgroups of $G$. We introduce a bipartite graph $\mathcal{B}(G)$ on $G$ whose vertex set is the union of two sets $G \times G$ and $L(G)$, and two vertices $(a, b) \in G \times G$ and $H \in…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2024-12-10 Shrabani Das , Ahmad Erfanian , Rajat Kanti Nath

In this paper we study algebraic and asymptotic properties of generating sets of algebras over orders in number fields. Let $A$ be an associative algebra over an order $R$ in an algebraic number field. We assume that $A$ is a free…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2010-01-19 Rostyslav V. Kravchenko , Marcin Mazur , Bogdan V. Petrenko

In this paper, we study the power and limitations of computing effectively generic sequences using effectively random oracles. Previously, it was known that every 2-random sequence computes a 1-generic sequence (as shown by Kautz) and every…

Logic · Mathematics 2019-03-27 Laurent Bienvenu , Christopher P. Porter

Given a finite group $G$, its prime graph $\Gamma(G)$ (also known as its Gruenberg-Kegel graph) is the graph whose vertices are the prime divisors of $|G|$ and where edges $\{p, q\}$ exist whenever $G$ contains an element of order $pq$. We…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2025-11-21 Lucas Alland , Andrei Fridman , Thomas Michael Keller

A graph generative model defines a distribution over graphs. One type of generative model is constructed by autoregressive neural networks, which sequentially add nodes and edges to generate a graph. However, the likelihood of a graph under…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-06-15 Xiaohui Chen , Xu Han , Jiajing Hu , Francisco J. R. Ruiz , Liping Liu

Let $G$ be any graph of minimum degree at least $k$, and let $G_p$ be the random subgraph of $G$ obtained by keeping each edge independently with probability $p$. Recently, Krivelevich, Lee and Sudakov showed that if $pk\to\infty$ then with…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-05-12 Oliver Riordan

We introduce the term "protonormal" to refer to a subgroup H of a group G such that for every x in G the subgroups x^{-1}Hx and H commute as sets. If moreover (G,H) is a Hecke pair we show that the Hecke algebra H(G,H) is generated by the…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2010-03-16 Ruy Exel

The prime simplicial complex $\Pi(G)$ of a finite group $G$ is composed of all sets of primes $S$ where $G$ has an element of order the product of primes in $S$, with the subsets partially ordered by inclusion. This complex was introduced…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2025-07-21 Melissa Lee , Kamilla Rekvényi

A group $G$ is invariably generated (IG) if there is a subset $S \subseteq G$ such that for every subset $S' \subseteq G$, obtained from $S$ by replacing each element with a conjugate, $S'$ generates $G$. $G$ is finitely invariably…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2022-07-08 Ashot Minasyan

We consider finite groups having a conjugacy class that is the difference of two normal subgroups. That is, suppose $G$ is a group and $M$ and $N$ are normal subgroups so that $N < M$, and suppose that there is an element $g \in G$ so that…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2026-03-27 Mark L. Lewis , Lucia Morotti , Emanuele Pacifici , Lucia Sanus , Hung P. Tong-Viet

Let $F$ be a field with at least three elements and $G$ a locally finite group. This paper aims to show that if either $F$ is algebraically closed or the characteristic of $F$ is positive, then an element in the group algebra $FG$ is a…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2022-11-18 M. H. Bien , P. V. Danchev , M. Ramezan-Nassab , T. N. Son

The probability that $m$ randomly chosen elements of a finite power associative loop $C$ have prescribed orders and generate $C$ is calculated in terms of certain constants related to the action of $Aut(C)$ on the subloop lattice of $C$. As…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Petr Vojtěchovský

For a finite group $G,$ $\mathsf{D}(G)$ is defined as the least positive integer $k$ such that for every sequence $S=g_1\bdot g_2\bdot \dotsc \bdot g_k$ of length $k$ over $G$, there exist $1 \le i_1 < i_2 <\cdots < i_m \le k $ such that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-11-25 Naveen K. Godara , Renu Joshi , Eshita Mazumdar

We show that for all $n\leq X$ apart from $O(X\exp(-c(\log X)^{1/2}(\log \log X)^{1/2}))$ exceptions, the alternating group $A_n$ is invariably generated by two elements of prime order. This answers (in a quantitative form) a question of…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2023-08-24 Joni Teräväinen

We show that a finitely generated subgroup of a free group, chosen uniformly at random, is strictly Whitehead minimal with overwhelming probability. Whitehead minimality is one of the key elements of the solution of the orbit problem in…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2018-04-25 Frédérique Bassino , Cyril Nicaud , Pascal Weil

A group G is almost cyclic if there is an element x in G, such that for all g in G, there is an element y in G and an integer n with ygy^{-1} = x^n (that is, every element is conjugate to some power of x). W. Ziller asked whether there are…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Bruce Ikenaga

A group $G$ is self-similar if it admits a triple $(G,H,f)$ where $H$ is a subgroup of $G$ and $f: H \to G$ a simple homomorphism, that is, the only subgroup $K$ of $H$, normal in $G$ and $f$-invariant ($K^f \leq K$) is trivial. The group…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2025-02-13 A. C. Dantas , E. de Melo , R. N. de Oliveira , S. N. Sidki

Given a graph $G$ and $p\in [0,1]$, the random subgraph $G_p$ is obtained by retaining each edge of $G$ independently with probability $p$. We show that for every $\epsilon>0$, there exists a constant $C>0$ such that the following holds.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-07-24 Sahar Diskin , Joshua Erde , Mihyun Kang , Michael Krivelevich

Let $G$ be a finite cyclic group. Every sequence $S$ over $G$ can be written in the form $S=(n_1g)\cdot\ldots\cdot(n_lg)$ where $g\in G$ and $n_1, \ldots, n_l\in[1, \ord(g)]$, and the index $\ind(S)$ of $S$ is defined to be the minimum of…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2014-02-04 Caixia Shen , Li-meng Xia , Yuanlin Li