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Infrared small target detection in an infrared search and track (IRST) system is a challenging task. This situation becomes more complicated when high gray-intensity structural backgrounds appear in the field of view (FoV) of the infrared…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-20 Saed Moradi , Payman Moallem , Mohamad Farzan Sabahi

Infrared small target detection (ISTD) plays a critical role in a wide range of civilian and military applications. Existing methods suffer from deficiencies in the localization of dim targets and the perception of contour information under…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Jiakun Deng , Kexuan Li , Xingye Cui , Jiaxuan Li , Chang Long , Tian Pu , Zhenming Peng

In recent years, the detection of infrared small targets using deep learning methods has garnered substantial attention due to notable advancements. To improve the detection capability of small targets, these methods commonly maintain a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-09 Qianchen Mao , Qiang Li , Bingshu Wang , Yongjun Zhang , Tao Dai , C. L. Philip Chen

Infrared small target detection is a key technique in infrared search and tracking (IRST) systems. Although deep learning has been widely used in the vision tasks of visible light images recently, it is rarely used in infrared small target…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-01-17 Mingxin Zhao , Li Cheng , Xu Yang , Peng Feng , Liyuan Liu , Nanjian Wu

Small targets are often submerged in cluttered backgrounds of infrared images. Conventional detectors tend to generate false alarms, while CNN-based detectors lose small targets in deep layers. To this end, we propose iSmallNet, a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-30 Zhiheng Hu , Yongzhen Wang , Peng Li , Jie Qin , Haoran Xie , Mingqiang Wei

Due to the limitation of the optical lens focal length and the resolution of the infrared detector, distant Closely-Spaced Infrared Small Target (CSIST) groups typically appear as mixing spots in the infrared image. In this paper, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Ximeng Zhai , Bohan Xu , Yaohong Chen , Hao Wang , Kehua Guo , Yimian Dai

Infrared small target detection (ISTD) has a wide range of applications in early warning, rescue, and guidance. However, CNN based deep learning methods are not effective at segmenting infrared small target (IRST) that it lack of clear…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-21 Peiwen Pan , Huan Wang , Chenyi Wang , Chang Nie

Due to the limitations of optical lens focal length and detector resolution, distant clustered infrared small targets often appear as mixed spots. The Close Small Object Unmixing (CSOU) task aims to recover the number, sub-pixel positions,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Zhiyang Tang , Yiming Zhu , Ruimin Huang , Meng Yang , Yong Ma , Jun Huang , Fan Fan

Resolving closely-spaced small targets in dense clusters presents a significant challenge in infrared imaging, as the overlapping signals hinder precise determination of their quantity, sub-pixel positions, and radiation intensities. While…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Shengdong Han , Shangdong Yang , Xin Zhang , Yuxuan Li , Xiang Li , Jian Yang , Ming-Ming Cheng , Yimian Dai

Infrared small target detection (IRSTD) aims to separate small targets from clutter backgrounds. Extensive research is dedicated to the pixel-level supervision-guided "encoder-decoder" segmentation paradigm. Although having achieved…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Rixiang Ni , Boyang Li , Jun Chen , Yonghao Li , Feiyu Ren , Yuji Wang , Haoyang Yuan , Wujiao He , Wei An

We propose a target driven adaptive (TDA) loss to enhance the performance of infrared small target detection (IRSTD). Prior works have used loss functions, such as binary cross-entropy loss and IoU loss, to train segmentation models for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Yuho Shoji , Takahiro Toizumi , Atsushi Ito

Infrared small target detection plays a crucial role in military reconnaissance and air defense systems. However,existing low-rank sparse based methods still face high computational complexity when dealing with low-contrast small targets…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-04 Ke-Xin Li

Infrared small-target detection (ISTD) is an important computer vision task. ISTD aims at separating small targets from complex background clutter. The infrared radiation decays over distances, making the targets highly dim and prone to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-20 Jingchao Peng , Haitao Zhao , Kaijie Zhao , Zhongze Wang , Lujian Yao

Infrared small target detection (IRSTD) remains challenging due to the scarcity of useful target cues and the presence of severe background clutter. Most current methods rely on conventional feature learning and local interaction modeling,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Qianwen Ma , Yang Xu , Shangwei Deng , Xiaobo Li , Haofeng Hu

Omni-domain infrared small target detection (Omni-IRSTD) poses formidable challenges, as a single model must seamlessly adapt to diverse imaging systems, varying resolutions, and multiple spectral bands simultaneously. Current approaches…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Yangting Shi , Yinfei Zhu , Renjie He , Le Hui , Meng Cai , Ming-Ming Cheng , Yimian Dai

This paper studies the challenging cross-domain few-shot object detection (CD-FSOD), aiming to develop an accurate object detector for novel domains with minimal labeled examples. While transformer-based open-set detectors, such as DE-ViT,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-30 Yuqian Fu , Yu Wang , Yixuan Pan , Lian Huai , Xingyu Qiu , Zeyu Shangguan , Tong Liu , Yanwei Fu , Luc Van Gool , Xingqun Jiang

The field of building detection from remote sensing images has made significant progress, but faces challenges in achieving high-accuracy detection due to the diversity in building appearances and the complexity of vast scenes. To address…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Ziyue Huang , Mingming Zhang , Qingjie Liu , Wei Wang , Zhe Dong , Yunhong Wang

Infrared small target detection (ISTD) faces two major challenges: a lack of discernible target texture and severe background clutter, which results in the background obscuring the target. To enhance targets and suppress backgrounds, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Chen Hu , Mingyu Zhou , Shuai Yuan , Hongbo Hu , Zhenming Peng , Tian Pu , Xiying Li

Single-frame InfraRed Small Target (SIRST) detection has been a challenging task due to a lack of inherent characteristics, imprecise bounding box regression, a scarcity of real-world datasets, and sensitive localization evaluation. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-03 Yimian Dai , Xiang Li , Fei Zhou , Yulei Qian , Yaohong Chen , Jian Yang

Recently, infrared small target detection with single-point supervision has attracted extensive attention. However, the detection accuracy of existing methods has difficulty meeting actual needs. Therefore, we propose an innovative refined…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-07 Jinmiao Zhao , Zelin Shi , Chuang Yu , Yunpeng Liu