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Foundational models are able to generate text outputs given prompt instructions and text, audio, or image inputs. Recently these models have been combined to perform tasks on video, such as video summarization. Such video foundation models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Karan Samel , Apoorva Beedu , Nitish Sontakke , Irfan Essa

Humans understand the world through the integration of multiple sensory modalities, enabling them to perceive, reason about, and imagine dynamic physical processes. Inspired by this capability, multimodal foundation models (MFMs) have…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Xuehai He

Videos are a commonly-used type of content in learning during Web search. Many e-learning platforms provide quality content, but sometimes educational videos are long and cover many topics. Humans are good in extracting important sections…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-27 Junaid Ahmed Ghauri , Sherzod Hakimov , Ralph Ewerth

Action scene understanding in soccer is a challenging task due to the complex and dynamic nature of the game, as well as the interactions between players. This article provides a comprehensive overview of this task divided into action…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Karolina Seweryn , Anna Wróblewska , Szymon Łukasik

Multi-modal large language models have demonstrated impressive performance across various tasks in different modalities. However, existing multi-modal models primarily emphasize capturing global information within each modality while…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-06 Zhaowei Li , Qi Xu , Dong Zhang , Hang Song , Yiqing Cai , Qi Qi , Ran Zhou , Junting Pan , Zefeng Li , Van Tu Vu , Zhida Huang , Tao Wang

While the situation has improved for text-only models, it again seems to be the case currently that multimodal (text and image) models develop faster than ways to evaluate them. In this paper, we bring a recently developed evaluation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Sherzod Hakimov , Yerkezhan Abdullayeva , Kushal Koshti , Antonia Schmidt , Yan Weiser , Anne Beyer , David Schlangen

Foundation models (FMs) are large neural networks trained on broad datasets, excelling in downstream tasks with minimal fine-tuning. Human activity recognition in video has advanced with FMs, driven by competition among different…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Thinesh Thiyakesan Ponbagavathi , Kunyu Peng , Alina Roitberg

Multimodal foundation models aim to create a unified representation space that abstracts away from surface features like language syntax or modality differences. To investigate this, we study the internal representations of three recent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Hyunji Lee , Danni Liu , Supriti Sinhamahapatra , Jan Niehues

Understanding videos is an important research topic for multimodal learning. Leveraging large-scale datasets of web-crawled video-text pairs as weak supervision has become a pre-training paradigm for learning joint representations and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Gengyuan Zhang , Jinhe Bi , Jindong Gu , Yanyu Chen , Volker Tresp

Foundation models have ushered in a new era for multimodal video understanding by enabling the extraction of rich spatiotemporal and semantic representations. In this work, we introduce a novel graph-based framework that integrates a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Fatemeh Ziaeetabar , Florentin Wörgötter

Recent integration of Natural Language Processing (NLP) and multimodal models has advanced the field of sports analytics. This survey presents a comprehensive review of the datasets and applications driving these innovations post-2020. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Haotian Xia , Zhengbang Yang , Yun Zhao , Yuqing Wang , Jingxi Li , Rhys Tracy , Zhuangdi Zhu , Yuan-fang Wang , Hanjie Chen , Weining Shen

Recent video+language datasets cover domains where the interaction is highly structured, such as instructional videos, or where the interaction is scripted, such as TV shows. Both of these properties can lead to spurious cues to be…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-10 Alessandro Suglia , José Lopes , Emanuele Bastianelli , Andrea Vanzo , Shubham Agarwal , Malvina Nikandrou , Lu Yu , Ioannis Konstas , Verena Rieser

Vision systems to see and reason about the compositional nature of visual scenes are fundamental to understanding our world. The complex relations between objects and their locations, ambiguities, and variations in the real-world…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-27 Muhammad Awais , Muzammal Naseer , Salman Khan , Rao Muhammad Anwer , Hisham Cholakkal , Mubarak Shah , Ming-Hsuan Yang , Fahad Shahbaz Khan

Foundation models learn highly transferable representations through large-scale pretraining on diverse data. An increasing body of research indicates that these representations exhibit a remarkable degree of similarity across architectures…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Jianglin Lu , Hailing Wang , Yi Xu , Yizhou Wang , Kuo Yang , Yun Fu

Positional bias - where models overemphasize certain positions regardless of content - has been shown to negatively impact model performance across various tasks. While recent research has extensively examined positional bias in text…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Kebin Wu , Fatima Albreiki

Many scientific fields, from medicine to seismology, rely on analyzing sequences of events over time to understand complex systems. Traditionally, machine learning models must be built and trained from scratch for each new dataset, which is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-21 David Berghaus , Patrick Seifner , Kostadin Cvejoski , Ramses J. Sanchez

Recent developments in image classification and natural language processing, coupled with the rapid growth in social media usage, have enabled fundamental advances in detecting breaking events around the world in real-time. Emergency…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-13 Mahdi Abavisani , Liwei Wu , Shengli Hu , Joel Tetreault , Alejandro Jaimes

Recently multimodal transformer models have gained popularity because their performance on language and vision tasks suggest they learn rich visual-linguistic representations. Focusing on zero-shot image retrieval tasks, we study three…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-02 Lisa Anne Hendricks , John Mellor , Rosalia Schneider , Jean-Baptiste Alayrac , Aida Nematzadeh

This paper addresses the challenging task of weakly-supervised video temporal grounding. Existing approaches are generally based on the moment proposal selection framework that utilizes contrastive learning and reconstruction paradigm for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Xiang Fang , Zeyu Xiong , Wanlong Fang , Xiaoye Qu , Chen Chen , Jianfeng Dong , Keke Tang , Pan Zhou , Yu Cheng , Daizong Liu

Foundation models (FMs) deployed in real-world tasks such as computer-use agents must integrate diverse modalities. How good are FMs at performing joint reasoning, simultaneously reasoning over multiple modalities, especially when the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Chen Henry Wu , Neil Kale , Aditi Raghunathan
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