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In the last few years there have been important advancements in generative models with the two dominant approaches being Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) and Variational Autoencoders (VAEs). However, standard Autoencoders (AEs) and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-07-26 Massimiliano Patacchiola , Patrick Fox-Roberts , Edward Rosten

Data-driven flow-field reconstruction typically relies on autoencoder architectures that compress high-dimensional states into low-dimensional latent representations. However, classical approaches such as variational autoencoders (VAEs)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-14 AmirPouya Hemmasian , Amir Barati Farimani

Since the advent of popular visual generation frameworks like VQGAN and latent diffusion models, state-of-the-art image generation systems have generally been two-stage systems that first tokenize or compress visual data into a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Kyle Sargent , Kyle Hsu , Justin Johnson , Li Fei-Fei , Jiajun Wu

Diffusion-based text-to-image generative models, e.g., Stable Diffusion, have revolutionized the field of content generation, enabling significant advancements in areas like image editing and video synthesis. Despite their formidable…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-29 Yanyu Li , Xian Liu , Anil Kag , Ju Hu , Yerlan Idelbayev , Dhritiman Sagar , Yanzhi Wang , Sergey Tulyakov , Jian Ren

This research focuses on the development and enhancement of text-to-image denoising diffusion models, addressing key challenges such as limited sample diversity and training instability. By incorporating Classifier-Free Guidance (CFG) and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Rajdeep Roshan Sahu

In this work, we investigate the capability of generating images from pre-trained diffusion models at much higher resolutions than the training image sizes. In addition, the generated images should have arbitrary image aspect ratios. When…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Yingqing He , Shaoshu Yang , Haoxin Chen , Xiaodong Cun , Menghan Xia , Yong Zhang , Xintao Wang , Ran He , Qifeng Chen , Ying Shan

Image colorization has been attracting the research interests of the community for decades. However, existing methods still struggle to provide satisfactory colorized results given grayscale images due to a lack of human-like global…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-24 Hanyuan Liu , Jinbo Xing , Minshan Xie , Chengze Li , Tien-Tsin Wong

In generative modeling, numerous successful approaches leverage a low-dimensional latent space, e.g., Stable Diffusion models the latent space induced by an encoder and generates images through a paired decoder. Although the selection of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Tianyang Hu , Fei Chen , Haonan Wang , Jiawei Li , Wenjia Wang , Jiacheng Sun , Zhenguo Li

The most advanced text-to-image (T2I) models require significant training costs (e.g., millions of GPU hours), seriously hindering the fundamental innovation for the AIGC community while increasing CO2 emissions. This paper introduces…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-01 Junsong Chen , Jincheng Yu , Chongjian Ge , Lewei Yao , Enze Xie , Yue Wu , Zhongdao Wang , James Kwok , Ping Luo , Huchuan Lu , Zhenguo Li

Despite the rapid adoption of text-to-image (T2I) diffusion models, causal and representation-level analysis remains fragmented and largely limited to isolated probing techniques. To address this gap, we introduce DreamReader: a unified…

Generative modeling aims to generate new data samples that resemble a given dataset, with diffusion models recently becoming the most popular generative model. One of the main challenges of diffusion models is solving the problem in the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-10-08 Wonjun Lee , Riley C. W. O'Neill , Dongmian Zou , Jeff Calder , Gilad Lerman

Diffusion models have revolutionized text-to-image (T2I) synthesis, producing high-quality, photorealistic images. However, they still struggle to properly render the spatial relationships described in text prompts. To address the lack of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Andrea Rigo , Luca Stornaiuolo , Mauro Martino , Bruno Lepri , Nicu Sebe

Image compression at extremely low bitrates (below 0.1 bits per pixel (bpp)) is a significant challenge due to substantial information loss. In this work, we propose a novel two-stage extreme image compression framework that exploits the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-05 Zhiyuan Li , Yanhui Zhou , Hao Wei , Chenyang Ge , Jingwen Jiang

Although recent research applying text-to-image (T2I) diffusion models to real-world super-resolution (SR) has achieved remarkable progress, the misalignment of their targets leads to a suboptimal trade-off between inference speed and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Yan Wang , Shijie Zhao , Kexin Zhang , Junlin Li , Li Zhang

Text-to-image generation has recently witnessed remarkable achievements. We introduce a text-conditional image diffusion model, termed RAPHAEL, to generate highly artistic images, which accurately portray the text prompts, encompassing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Zeyue Xue , Guanglu Song , Qiushan Guo , Boxiao Liu , Zhuofan Zong , Yu Liu , Ping Luo

We explore the use of Vector Quantized Variational AutoEncoder (VQ-VAE) models for large scale image generation. To this end, we scale and enhance the autoregressive priors used in VQ-VAE to generate synthetic samples of much higher…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-04 Ali Razavi , Aaron van den Oord , Oriol Vinyals

This work aims to learn a high-quality text-to-video (T2V) generative model by leveraging a pre-trained text-to-image (T2I) model as a basis. It is a highly desirable yet challenging task to simultaneously a) accomplish the synthesis of…

In this paper we propose Structuring AutoEncoders (SAE). SAEs are neural networks which learn a low dimensional representation of data which are additionally enriched with a desired structure in this low dimensional space. While traditional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-20 Marco Rudolph , Bastian Wandt , Bodo Rosenhahn

The diffusion model has been proven a powerful generative model in recent years, yet remains a challenge in generating visual text. Several methods alleviated this issue by incorporating explicit text position and content as guidance on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-29 Jingye Chen , Yupan Huang , Tengchao Lv , Lei Cui , Qifeng Chen , Furu Wei

We propose a multi-resolution convolutional autoencoder (MrCAE) architecture that integrates and leverages three highly successful mathematical architectures: (i) multigrid methods, (ii) convolutional autoencoders and (iii) transfer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-13 Yuying Liu , Colin Ponce , Steven L. Brunton , J. Nathan Kutz