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The increasing deployment of deep learning systems requires systematic evaluation of their reliability in real-world scenarios. Traditional gradient-based adversarial attacks introduce small perturbations that rarely correspond to realistic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Oliver Weißl , Vincenzo Riccio , Severin Kacianka , Andrea Stocco

Sequential decision-making is desired to align with human intents and exhibit versatility across various tasks. Previous methods formulate it as a conditional generation process, utilizing return-conditioned diffusion models to directly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Xudong Yu , Chenjia Bai , Haoran He , Changhong Wang , Xuelong Li

Flow-based generative models have shown remarkable success in text-to-image generation, yet fine-tuning them with intermediate feedback remains challenging, especially for continuous-time flow matching models. Most existing approaches…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Jiajun Fan , Chaoran Cheng , Shuaike Shen , Xiangxin Zhou , Ge Liu

Alignment with human preferences is commonly framed using a universal reward function, even though human preferences are inherently heterogeneous. We formalize this heterogeneity by introducing user types and examine the limits of the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Ali Shirali , Arash Nasr-Esfahany , Abdullah Alomar , Parsa Mirtaheri , Rediet Abebe , Ariel Procaccia

Recent advances in text-to-image diffusion models have achieved remarkable success in generating high-quality, realistic images from textual descriptions. However, these approaches have faced challenges in precisely aligning the generated…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-25 Zutao Jiang , Guian Fang , Jianhua Han , Guansong Lu , Hang Xu , Shengcai Liao , Xiaojun Chang , Xiaodan Liang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are nowadays expected to generate content aligned with human preferences. Current work focuses on alignment at model training time, through techniques such as Reinforcement Learning with Human Feedback (RLHF).…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-21 James Y. Huang , Sailik Sengupta , Daniele Bonadiman , Yi-An Lai , Arshit Gupta , Nikolaos Pappas , Saab Mansour , Katrin Kirchhoff , Dan Roth

Feature alignment is an approach to improving robustness to distribution shift that matches the distribution of feature activations between the training distribution and test distribution. A particularly simple but effective approach to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-11 Collin Burns , Jacob Steinhardt

Recommender systems are pivotal in delivering personalised user experiences across various domains. However, capturing the heterophily patterns and the multi-dimensional nature of user-item interactions poses significant challenges. To…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Darnbi Sakong , Thanh Tam Nguyen

Generative modeling within constrained sets is essential for scientific and engineering applications involving physical, geometric, or safety requirements (e.g., molecular generation, robotics). We present a unified framework for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Kijung Jeon , Michael Muehlebach , Molei Tao

Diffusion models have recently shown promise in offline RL. However, these methods often suffer from high training costs and slow convergence, particularly when using transformer-based denoising backbones. While several optimization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Zhiying Qiu , Tao Lin

Hypernetworks are models that generate or modulate the weights of another network. They provide a flexible mechanism for injecting context and task conditioning and have proven broadly useful across diverse applications without significant…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Eli Passov , Nathan S. Netanyahu , Yosi Keller

Reinforcement learning (RL) applications, where an agent can simply learn optimal behaviors by interacting with the environment, are quickly gaining tremendous success in a wide variety of applications from controlling simple pendulums to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-28 Mariam Kiran , Melis Ozyildirim

Fine-tuning text-to-image diffusion models to maximize rewards has proven effective for enhancing model performance. However, reward fine-tuning methods often suffer from slow convergence due to online sample generation. Therefore,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Daewon Chae , June Suk Choi , Jinkyu Kim , Kimin Lee

Diffusion bridge models offer a powerful framework for connecting two data distributions, such as in image restoration and translation. Many existing methods learn this bridge by mimicking the score-matching formulation of standard…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Yurong Gao , Zicheng Zhang , Congying Han , Tiande Guo , Xinmin Qiu

Recent years have witnessed a rapid growth of deep generative models, with text-to-image models gaining significant attention from the public. However, existing models often generate images that do not align well with human preferences,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-23 Xiaoshi Wu , Keqiang Sun , Feng Zhu , Rui Zhao , Hongsheng Li

Prompt-Tuning is a new paradigm for finetuning pre-trained language models in a parameter-efficient way. Here, we explore the use of HyperNetworks to generate hyper-prompts: we propose HyperPrompt, a novel architecture for prompt-based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-16 Yun He , Huaixiu Steven Zheng , Yi Tay , Jai Gupta , Yu Du , Vamsi Aribandi , Zhe Zhao , YaGuang Li , Zhao Chen , Donald Metzler , Heng-Tze Cheng , Ed H. Chi

This paper introduces EasyAnimate, an efficient and high quality video generation framework that leverages diffusion transformers to achieve high-quality video production, encompassing data processing, model training, and end-to-end…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Jiaqi Xu , Kunzhe Huang , Xinyi Zou , Yunkuo Chen , Bo Liu , MengLi Cheng , Jun Huang , Xing Shi

Word alignment which aims to extract lexicon translation equivalents between source and target sentences, serves as a fundamental tool for natural language processing. Recent studies in this area have yielded substantial improvements by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Siyu Lai , Zhen Yang , Fandong Meng , Yufeng Chen , Jinan Xu , Jie Zhou

Deep learning-based diagnostic models often suffer performance drops due to distribution shifts between training (source) and test (target) domains. Collecting and labeling sufficient target domain data for model retraining represents an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Yaofei Duan , Yuhao Huang , Xin Yang , Luyi Han , Xinyu Xie , Zhiyuan Zhu , Ping He , Ka-Hou Chan , Ligang Cui , Sio-Kei Im , Dong Ni , Tao Tan

Diffusion and flow-matching models scale because pretraining is supervised regression: a clean sample is noised analytically, and a model regresses against a closed-form target. RL post-training aligns the model with a reward. In image…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Andreas Bergmeister , Stefanie Jegelka , Nikolas Nüsken , Carles Domingo-Enrich , Jakiw Pidstrigach
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