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Modern computers perform pre-defined operations using static memory components, whereas biological systems learn through inherently dynamic, time-dependent processes in synapses and neurons. The biological learning process also relies on…

Memristors are emerging as key electronic components that retain resistance states without power. Their non-volatile nature and ability to mimic synaptic behavior make them ideal for next-generation memory technologies and neuromorphic…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-10-28 Tongxin Chen , Yinyu Nie , Yafei Hao , Shengchun Shen , Jiajun Pan , Xiaoguang Li , Yuan Lu

Inducing chirality in optically and electronically active materials is interesting for applications in sensing and quantum information transmission. Two-dimensional (2D) transition metal chalcogenides (TMDs) possess excellent electronic and…

Materials Science · Physics 2024-04-11 Ye Wang , Yiru Zhu , Han Yan , Yang Li , Yan Wang , Manish Chhowalla

Two-dimensional (2D) layered transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have emerged as promising materials for electronic, optoelectronic, and valleytronic applications. Recent work suggests drastic changes of the band gap and exciton binding…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2017-08-02 Eric Parzinger , Martin Hetzl , Ursula Wurstbauer , Alexander W. Holleitner

Implementing optical-based memory and utilizing it for computation on the nanoscale remains an attractive but still a challenging task. While significant progress was achieved in nanophotonics, allowing to explore nonlinear optical effects…

Reservoir computing has been considered as a promising intelligent computing paradigm for effectively processing complex temporal information. Exploiting tunable and reproducible dynamics in the single electronic device have been desired to…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-10-19 Pengfei Wang , Moyu Chen , Yongqin Xie , Chen Pan , Kenji Watanabe , Takashi Taniguchi , Bin Cheng , Shi-Jun Liang , Feng Miao

Organic neuromorphic device networks can accelerate neural network algorithms and directly integrate with microfluidic systems or living tissues. Proposed devices based on the bio-compatible conductive polymer PEDOT:PSS have shown high…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2022-12-12 Daniel Felder , Katerina Muche , John Linkhorst , Matthias Wessling

Achieving brain-like density and performance in neuromorphic computers necessitates scaling down the size of nanodevices emulating neuro-synaptic functionalities. However, scaling nanodevices results in reduction of programming resolution…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2023-03-14 A N M Nafiul Islam , Arnob Saha , Zhouhang Jiang , Kai Ni , Abhronil Sengupta

This work presents an optical neuromorphic imaging and processing cytometry system that integrates an excitable VCSEL-based time-delayed (TD) extreme learning machine with an event-based 2D camera. The proposed system is designed for the…

Optics · Physics 2025-05-20 M. Skontranis , G. Moustakas , A. Bogris , C. Mesaritakis

Two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides like molybdenum diselenide (MoSe$_2$) have shown great potential in optoelectronics and energy storage due to their layer-dependent bandgap. However, producing high-quality 2D MoSe$_2$…

We realize and investigate ionic liquid gated field-effect transistors (FETs) on large-area MoS2 monolayers grown by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). Under electron accumulation, the performance of these devices is comparable to that of…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2016-02-05 Evgeniy Ponomarev , Ignacio Gutiérrez-Lezama , Nicolas Ubrig , Alberto F. Morpurgo

Layered two-dimensional (2D) materials, with their atomic-scale thickness and tunable electronic, optical, and mechanical properties, open many promising pathways to significantly advance modern electronics. The field effect caused by a…

Charge-trap memory with high-\k dielectric materials is considered to be a promising candidate for next-generation memory devices. Ultrathin layered two-dimensional (2D) materials like graphene and MoS2 have been receiving much attention…

Materials Science · Physics 2014-07-29 Enze Zhang , Weiyi Wang , Cheng Zhang , Yibo Jin , Guodong Zhu , Qingqing Sun , David Wei Zhan , Peng Zhou , Faxian Xiu

As artificial intelligence continues to grow, so does the need for more efficient ways to process data. Besides moving from electronic to photonic circuits, a promising approach is to integrate phase-change materials. Vanadium dioxide…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-04-08 Peter Kepič , Petra Kalousková , Tomáš Šikola , Filip Ligmajer

Interlayer valley excitons in bilayer MoS2 feature concurrently large oscillator strength and long lifetime, and hence represent an advantageous scenario for valleytronic applications. However, control of valley pseudospin of interlayer…

Developing novel techniques for depositing transition metal dichalcogenides is crucial for the industrial adoption of 2D materials in optoelectronics. In this work, the lateral growth of molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) over an insulating…

Artificial neural networks are efficient computing platforms inspired by the brain. Such platforms can tackle a vast area of real-life tasks ranging from image processing to language translation. Silicon photonic integrated chips (PICs), by…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2022-10-19 George Sarantoglou , Adonis Bogris , Charis Mesaritakis , Sergios Theodoridis

We report up to ten-fold enhancement of the photoresponsivity of monolayer MoS$_2$ by treatment with O$_2$:Ar (1:3) plasma. We characterize the surface of plasma-exposed MoS$_2$ by TEM, Raman and PL mapping and discuss the role of MoO$_x$…

Two-dimensional (2D) materials viz. transition metal dichalcogenides (TMD) and transition metal oxides (TMO) offer a platform that allows creation of heterostructures with a variety of properties. The optoelectronic industry has observed an…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-06-07 Arunima Singh , Manjari Jain , Saswata Bhattacharya

In recent years, machine vision has taken huge leaps and is now becoming an integral part of various intelligent systems, including autonomous vehicles, robotics, and many others. Usually, visual information is captured by a frame-based…

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