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Flavor instabilities in dense neutrino media trigger exponential growth of flavor waves, yet their nonlinear saturation remains poorly understood. We examine a simple proxy for this effect in the form of a single-wave solution of an axially…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-01-28 Damiano F. G. Fiorillo , Georg G. Raffelt

Neutrino-neutrino refraction leads to collective flavor evolution that can include fast flavor conversion, an ingredient still missing in numerical simulations of core-collapse supernovae. We provide a theoretical framework for the linear…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-10-01 Damiano F. G. Fiorillo , Georg G. Raffelt

We can understand many recently-discovered features of flavor evolution in dense, self-coupled supernova neutrino and antineutrino systems with a simple, physical scheme consisting of two quasi-static solutions. One solution closely…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Huaiyu Duan , George M. Fuller , Yong-Zhong Qian

Dense neutrino gases can exhibit collective flavor instabilities, triggering large flavor conversions that are driven primarily by neutrino-neutrino refraction. One broadly distinguishes between fast instabilities that exist in the limit of…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-04-24 Damiano F. G. Fiorillo , Georg G. Raffelt

A system of classical interacting spins can develop collective instabilities which, in the nonlinear regime, mimic the motion of a gyroscopic pendulum. Known as the flavor pendulum, this behavior appears among the collective modes of a…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-02-04 Damiano F. G. Fiorillo , Georg G. Raffelt

We consider a dense neutrino gas in the "fast-flavor limit" (vanishing neutrino masses). For the first time, we identify exact solutions of the nonlinear wave equation in the form of solitons. They can propagate with both sub- or…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-10-17 Damiano F. G. Fiorillo , Georg Raffelt

A dense neutrino medium can experience collective flavor oscillations through nonlinear neutrino-neutrino refraction. To make this multi-dimensional flavor transport problem more tractable, all existing studies have assumed certain…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-06-04 Huaiyu Duan , Shashank Shalgar

The flavor transformation in a dense neutrino gas can have a significant impact on the physical and chemical evolution of its surroundings. In this work we demonstrate that a dynamic, fast flavor oscillation wave can develop spontaneously…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2019-11-19 Joshua D. Martin , Changhao Yi , Huaiyu Duan

In core-collapse supernovae or compact binary merger remnants, neutrino-neutrino refraction can spawn fast pair conversion of the type $\nu_e \bar\nu_e \leftrightarrow \nu_x \bar\nu_x$ (with $x=\mu, \tau$), governed by the angle-dependent…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-11-09 Ian Padilla-Gay , Irene Tamborra , Georg G. Raffelt

In an interacting neutrino gas, flavor coherence becomes dynamical and can propagate as a collective mode. In particular, tachyonic instabilities can appear, leading to "fast flavor conversion" that is independent of neutrino masses and…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2019-09-04 Francesco Capozzi , Georg Raffelt , Tobias Stirner

We study the fully nonlinear fast flavor evolution of neutrinos in 1+1 dimensions. Our numerical analysis shows that at late time the system reaches an approximately steady state. Using the steady state approximation we analytically show…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-09-23 Soumya Bhattacharyya , Basudeb Dasgupta

We study two-flavor collective neutrino oscillations in the dense-neutrino region above the neutrino sphere in a supernova (SN). The angular dependence of the neutrino-neutrino interaction potential causes "multi-angle" effects that can…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2008-11-26 Andreu Esteban-Pretel , Sergio Pastor , Ricard Tomas , Georg Raffelt , Gunter Sigl

In neutrino-dense astrophysical environments, these particles exchange flavor through a coherent weak field, forming a collisionless neutrino plasma with collective flavor dynamics. Instabilities, which grow and affect the environment, may…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-03-31 Damiano F. G. Fiorillo , Georg G. Raffelt

Neutrino-neutrino interactions in dense neutrino streams, like those emitted by a core-collapse supernova, can lead to self-induced neutrino flavor conversions. While this is a nonlinear phenomenon, the onset of these conversions can be…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-02-02 Arka Banerjee , Amol Dighe , Georg Raffelt

A new model for the joint neutrino flavor and plasma oscillations is introduced, in terms of the dynamics of the neutrino flavor polarization vector in a plasma background. Fundamental solutions are found for both time-invariant and…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2013-08-01 José Tito Mendonça , Fernando Haas

Neutrino gases are expected to form in high density astrophysical environments, and accurately modeling their flavor evolution is critical to understanding such environments. In this work we study a simplified model of such a dense neutrino…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-01-09 Joshua D. Martin , Duff Neill , A. Roggero , Huaiyu Duan , J. Carlson

The flavor evolution of a neutrino gas can show ''slow'' or ''fast'' collective motion. In terms of the usual Bloch vectors to describe the mean-field density matrices of a homogeneous neutrino gas, the slow two-flavor equations of motion…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-01-26 Damiano F. G. Fiorillo , Georg G. Raffelt

Dense clouds of neutrinos and antineutrinos can exhibit fast collective flavor oscillations. Previously, in Phys. Rev. Lett. 126 (2021) 061302, we proposed that such flavor oscillations lead to depolarization, i.e., an irreversible mixing…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-12-29 Soumya Bhattacharyya , Basudeb Dasgupta

A dense neutrino medium could experience self-induced flavor conversions on relatively small scales in the presence of the so-called fast flavor conversion modes. Owing to the fact that fast conversion scales could be much smaller than the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-02-13 Sajad Abbar , Maria Cristina Volpe

In compact astrophysical objects, the neutrino density can be so high that neutrino-neutrino refraction can lead to fast flavor conversion of the kind $\nu_e \bar\nu_e \leftrightarrow \nu_x \bar\nu_x$ with $x=\mu,\tau$, depending on the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-11-24 Ian Padilla-Gay , Irene Tamborra , Georg G. Raffelt
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