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Verification of quantum computation is a task to efficiently check whether an output given from a quantum computer is correct. Existing verification protocols conducted between a quantum computer to be verified and a verifier necessitate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-01 Yuki Takeuchi , Akihiro Mizutani

Formal Methods are mathematically-based techniques for software design and engineering, which enable the unambiguous description of and reasoning about a system's behaviour. Autonomous systems use software to make decisions without human…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-07-29 Matt Luckcuck

We describe the Turing Machine, list some of its many influences on the theory of computation and complexity of computations, and illustrate its importance.

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2013-08-26 P. M. B. Vitanyi

In order to properly train a machine learning model, data must be properly collected. To guarantee a proper data collection, verifying that the collected data set holds certain properties is a possible solution. For example, guaranteeing…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-08-26 Jorge López , Maxime Labonne , Claude Poletti

The Turing test may or may not be a valid test of machine intelligence. But in an age of generative AI, the test describes the positions we humans occupy. Judging whether or not something is human or machine produced is an everyday…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Samuel Gerald Collins

Optimizing compilers have become a cornerstone for high-performance program generation in research and industry. Optimizations, including those implemented manually by a user and those target-specific and non-target-specific, are used to…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Emily Tucker , Louis-Noël Pouchet , Erika Hunhoff , Stephen Neuendorffer , Erwei Wang

Both automatic program verification and program transformation are based on program analysis. In the past decade a number of approaches using various automatic general-purpose program transformation techniques (partial deduction,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2015-12-15 Alexei P. Lisitsa , Andrei P. Nemytykh

We consider the task of verifying the correctness of quantum computation for a restricted class of circuits which contain at most two basis changes. This contains circuits giving rise to the second level of the Fourier Hierarchy, the lowest…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-04-18 Tommaso F. Demarie , Yingkai Ouyang , Joseph F. Fitzsimons

Machine learning has become prevalent across a wide variety of applications. Unfortunately, machine learning has also shown to be susceptible to deception, leading to errors, and even fatal failures. This circumstance calls into question…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-05-03 Dusica Marijan , Arnaud Gotlieb

Minimax-based search algorithms with alpha-beta pruning and transposition tables are a central component of classical game-playing engines and remain widely used in practice. Despite their widespread use, these algorithms are subtle, highly…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Wieger Wesselink , Kees Huizing , Huub van de Wetering

The precise control of complex quantum systems promises numerous technological applications including digital quantum computing. The complexity of such devices renders the certification of their correct functioning a challenge. To address…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-21 Martin Kliesch , Ingo Roth

Verification is one of the central tasks in circuit and system design. While simulation and emulation are widely used, complete correctness can only be ensured based on formal proof techniques. But these approaches often have very high run…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Rolf Drechsler

As machine learning is increasingly used in essential systems, it is important to reduce or eliminate the incidence of serious bugs. A growing body of research has developed machine learning algorithms with formal guarantees about…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-15 Jean-Baptiste Tristan , Joseph Tassarotti , Koundinya Vajjha , Michael L. Wick , Anindya Banerjee

The proliferation of decentralized financial (DeFi) systems and smart contracts has underscored the critical need for software correctness. Bugs in such systems can lead to catastrophic financial losses. Formal verification offers a path to…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Evgeny Ukhanov

Verified artificial intelligence (AI) is the goal of designing AI-based systems that that have strong, ideally provable, assurances of correctness with respect to mathematically-specified requirements. This paper considers Verified AI from…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-07-24 Sanjit A. Seshia , Dorsa Sadigh , S. Shankar Sastry

A verification code is an automated test method used to distinguish between humans and computers. Humans can easily identify verification codes, whereas machines cannot. With the development of convolutional neural networks, automatically…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-02-13 Dongliang Xu , Bailing Wang , XiaoJiang Du , Xiaoyan Zhu , zhitao Guan , Xiaoyan Yu , Jingyu Liu

In this paper, we modify some previous definitions of fuzzy Turing machines to define the notions of accepting and rejecting degrees of inputs, computationally. We use a BFS-based search method and obtain an upper level bound to guarantee…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2017-07-19 Hadi Farahani

This paper summarises the results obtained by the author and his collaborators in a program logic approach to the verification of quantum programs, including quantum Hoare logic, invariant generation and termination analysis for quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-08-01 Mingsheng Ying

The Turing machine, as it was presented by Turing himself, models the calculations done by a person. This means that we can compute whatever any Turing machine can compute, and therefore we are Turing complete. The question addressed here…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-09-05 Ramón Casares

This paper aims to question the suitability of the Turing Test, for testing machine intelligence, in the light of advances made in the last 60 years in science, medicine, and philosophy of mind. While the main concept of the test may seem…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-06-27 Aladdin Ayesh