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Related papers: The early r-process nucleosynthesis scenarios

200 papers

We quantify the stellar abundances of neutron-rich r-process nuclei in cosmological zoom-in simulations of a Milky Way-mass galaxy from the Feedback In Realistic Environments project. The galaxy is enriched with r-process elements by binary…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-22 Freeke van de Voort , Eliot Quataert , Philip F. Hopkins , Dusan Keres , Claude-Andre Faucher-Giguere

The astrophysical site(s) of the r-process are uncertain, with candidates such as neutron star mergers and magneto-rotational supernovae predicting different event rates, delay times, and heavy-element yields. Galactic chemical evolution…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-05-27 M. Molero , A. Arcones , F. Montes , C. J. Hansen

Neutron star mergers have been proposed as the main source of heavy $r$-process nucleosynthesis in the Universe. However, the mergers' significant expected delay after binary formation is in tension with observed very early $r$-process…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-02-22 I. Bartos , S. Rosswog , V. Gayathri , M. C. Miller , D. Veske , S. Marka

Whether binary neutron star mergers are the only astrophysical site of rapid neutron-capture process ($r$-process) nucleosynthesis remains unknown. Collapsars associated with long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) and hypernovae are promising…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-08-09 Long Li , Shu-Qing Zhong , Zi-Gao Dai

We revisit a neutrino-driven r-process mechanism in the He shell of a core-collapse supernova, finding that it could succeed in early stars of metallicity < solar/1000, at relatively low temperatures and neutron densities, producing A ~ 130…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2011-07-11 P. Banerjee , W. C. Haxton , Y. -Z. Qian

The rapid neutron-capture process (r-process) is responsible for the creation of roughly half of the elements heavier than iron, including precious metals like silver, gold, and platinum, as well as radioactive elements such as thorium and…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-14 Avrajit Bandyopadhyay , Timothy C. Beers

Current models for the $r$ process are summarized with an emphasis on the key constraints from both nuclear physics measurements and astronomical observations. In particular, we analyze the importance of nuclear physics input such as…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2017-05-31 Toshitaka Kajino , Grant J. Mathews

The astrophysical environments capable of triggering heavy-element synthesis via rapid neutron capture (the r-process) remain uncertain. While binary neutron star mergers (NSMs) are known to forge r-process elements, certain rare supernovae…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-07-26 Jennifer Barnes , Paul C. Duffell

The astrophysical origin of the rapid neutron-capture process (r-process), which produces about half of the elements heavier than iron, remains uncertain. The oldest, most metal-poor stars preserve the chemical signatures of early…

The discovery of the radioactively powered kilonova AT2017gfo, associated with the short-duration gamma-ray burst GRB 170817A and the gravitational wave source GW170817, has provided the first direct evidence supporting binary neutron star…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-02-14 Meng-Hua Chen , Li-Xin Li , Qiu-Hong Chen , Rui-Chong Hu , En-Wei Liang

We investigate nuclear reactions and feedback in hyperaccreting neutron star environments, considering accretion rates in the range 0.3 - $3\times10^4$ $M_\odot$ yr$^{-1}$, typical of short-period compact object binaries in common…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-11-25 Peter Anninos , Matthew Portman , Scott Carmichael , Robert Hoffman , Andre Sieverding

Our understanding of the origin of heavy elements beyond iron relies on the rapid neutron capture process (r-process), which accounts for roughly half of their cosmic abundance. However, the extreme neutron-rich conditions required for the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-09-25 Jan Kuske , Takayuki Miyagi , Almudena Arcones , Achim Schwenk

I show that recent observations of r-process abundances in metal-poor stars are difficult to explain if neutron star mergers (NSMs) are the major r-process sources. In contrast, such observations and meteoritic data on Hf182 and I129 in the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Y. -Z. Qian

While it is now known that double neutron star binary systems (DNSs) are copious producers of heavy elements, there remains much speculation about whether they are the sole or even principal site of rapid neutron-capture (r-process)…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-10-09 Erika M. Holmbeck , Jeff J. Andrews

We explore the effects of nuclear masses on the temperature and neutron density conditions required for r-process nucleosynthesis using four nuclear mass models augmented by the latest atomic mass evaluation. For each model we derive the…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2013-01-31 X. D. Xu , B. Sun , Z. M. Niu , Z. Li , Y. -Z. Qian , J. Meng

During the merger of a black hole and a neutron star, baryonic mass can become unbound from the system. Because the ejected material is extremely neutron-rich, the r-process rapidly synthesizes heavy nuclides as the material expands and…

Heavy elements like gold, platinum or uranium are produced in the r-process, which needs neutron-rich and explosive environments. Neutron star mergers are a promising candidate for an r-process site. They exhibit three different channels…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-09-28 Dirk Martin , Albino Perego , Almudena Arcones , Oleg Korobkin , Friedrich-Karl Thielemann

Investigations of elemental abundances in the ancient and most metal deficient stars are extremely important because they serve as tests of variable nucleosynthesis pathways and can provide critical inferences of the type of stars that…

This manuscript reviews recent progress in our understanding of the nucleosynthesis of medium and heavy elements in supernovae. Recent hydrodynamical models of core-collapse supernovae show that a large amount of proton rich matter is…